PHARMACY IN HUNGARY. 
47 
done, especially in (hose parts of the country where the 
imperial government cannot sufficiently exercise its vigi- 
lance with reference to the numerous abuses which con- 
tinue to exist. 
In Hungary, pharmacy is really in a hopeless condition. 
One of the principal causes which have contributed and 
still contribute to lower the pharmaceutical profession, is the 
existence of too great a number of pharmaceutical estab- 
lishments. A second cause of the great depression of the 
state of pharmacy in Hungary is the very small amount of 
remuneration obtained by its practice. But the latter con- 
dition has been an inevitable consequence of the former. 
We may give the following case by way of example : — 
In the circle of Guns, in Eisenberg, the population of 
which is at most 50,000 there are thirteen pharmaceutists, 
which makes an average of one to every 4000, and in the 
capital of this circle, a town of about 6000 inhabitants, 
there are two pharmaceutists. Several of these establish- 
ments are in a miserable condition, having neither stove, 
pans, press, or distillatory vessels. They are frequently 
without some of the most important drugs, and yet they 
undertake to dispense physicians' prescriptions. At only 
one of these thirteen establishments is an assistant kept, 
the proprietors of all the others are completely tied to their 
shops. The annual receipts of each of these pharmaceu- 
tists, is, on an average, only 500 florins (about £54. ;) and 
it may be said, without exaggeration, that the sale of birds, 
which in Hungary is practised in connexion with pharma- 
cy, constitutes the principal means of support of the proprie- 
tors of these establishments. 
Now, how is it possible in such cases, where the shops 
are in so deplorable a state — where the annual receipts 
scarcely exceed £54 — where the pharmaceutist does not 
possess the necessary means of improving his position, and 
is hardly able with economy to procure animal food for 
his Sunday's dinner, how, we say, can a scientific character 
