ON CORTEX ADST RING ENS BR ASILIENSIS. 22& 
plete rolls, from four to twelve inches long ; from an inch to 
two inches and a half broad, and from one to four lines thick; 
these are more frequently straight than crooked. The bark 
may be separated in two parts, an outer, which is rough, and 
an inner rind of a smooth fibrous character ; the two are but 
loosely connected together. The outer bark is of a grayish 
brown color, traversed by longitudinal and transverse furrows, 
having, here and there, white and grayish white crusty 
growths, covered with a foliated lichen. The inner bark is 
of a dark red brown on its outer surface, and, after the outer 
bark has been separated, is somewhat smooth : on the inner 
side, it is of a brighter reddish brown, and, probably owing 
to the laceration of the woody splinters, somewhat fibrous. 
The younger bark is smooth in the fracture, and of a dull 
splendor. The older bark, which is thicker, is unequal, and 
may often be separated into fibrous layers, which are readily 
lacerable. When chewed it has a tolerably strong astringent, 
somewhat bitter and disagreeable taste, but it does not excite 
nausea, or leave any arrihre-gout. It has scarce any smell. 
In its chemical relations, it resembles the rhatany.* 
" Effects on the Economy. 
" Merrem, who made numerous experiments with this bark, 
affirms, that whilst it possesses the properties of astringents 
in general, and to a high degree, it is rather sedative than ex- 
citing, agrees with the digestive organs, and aids the peristaltic 
action. He employed it,_first, with more or less success, in 
haemorrhage — in epistaxis, haemoptysis, and menorrhagia ; 
and Giinthert found it very efficacious in profuse menstrua- 
tion arising from atony of the uterus. Secondly ; in mucous 
* See the analysis by Hofrath Trommsdorff, in Branded Archiv. B. 
xxxiii. S. 260 ; and Dierbaeh in Heidelberg. Annalen, B. x. H. 3. S. 
457. Heidelb. 1834. 
f In Harless Rhein-Westphal. Jahrbuchern, B. viii. St. 1, S. 72; and 
Brande's Archiv. Band xi. S. 200. 
vol. VI. — NO. III. 29 
