210  Laws  intended  to  Regulate  {%t™;m£"~ 
Government  at  all,  at  least  it  has  not  been  thus  far,  for  this  simple 
reason,  that  as  soon  as  the  Government  requires  qualification  it  must 
establish  and  maintain  a  governmental  standard  ;  it  cannot  acknowl- 
edge as  such,  by  any  process  of  circumvention,  the  private  standard 
of  an  incorporated  college,  managed  by  private  individuals  and  sus- 
tained by  private  means. 
The  State  can,  however,  enforce  laws  to  regulate  the  promiscuous- 
huckstering  of  drugs,  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  quack  nostrums,  or 
the  adulteration  of  articles  of  consumption,  on  the  ground  of  public- 
policy,  that  is  to  ensure  the  safety  of  the  citizen,  and  on  this  only* 
It  can  make  these  laws  so  stringent  as  to  practically  stop  the  present 
huckstering  of  drugs  and  prevent  the  people  from  "  doctoring 
themselves.  But  professional  qualification  for  the  selling  of  such 
drugs,  or  the  manufacturing  of  such  quack  nostrums,  it  cannot 
demand,  much  less  enforce,  for  the  reasons  stated. 
It  will  be  seen  then,  that  pharmacy,  meaning  a  systematic  knowl- 
edge of  the  art  of  preserving,  preparing  and  compounding  substances 
for  the  purposes  of  medicine,  is  not  necessary  in  the  business  ©f 
selling  drugs,  is  not  required  of  the  "  druggist,"  pharmacy  being  no 
concern  of  the  government  at  large.  It  exists  in  individual  instances, 
but  forming  exceptions,  as  compared  with  the  great  majority  of 
"  dealers  in  drugs,"  is  not  worthy  of  consideration  here,  because  we 
speak  here  of  the  business  at  large,  in  general,  as  it  exists  de  facto 
in  our  country. 
In  order  to  prove  and  show  more  clearly  what  has  been  main- 
tained, we  will  give  an  example  : 
"  A  bill  for  an  act  to  regulate  the  practice  of  pharmacy  and  sale  of 
poisons  and  to  prevent  adulterations  of  drugs  and  medicinal  prepara- 
tions in  the  State  of  Illinois,"  was  introduced  by  Mr.  Lee,  ordered  to 
a  first  reading,  referred  to  Committee  on  Judiciary,  and  ordered 
printed  March  the  13th,  1874,  at  the  last  session  of  the  General 
Assembly  of  the  State  of  Illinois.  This  bill  for  an  act  is  only,  with 
a  few  additions  and  omissions,  a  counterfeit  in  imitation  of  the  one 
at  present  in  force  as  a  law  in  Kentucky,  that  is,  it  is  tolerated  in 
that  State,  existing  as  it  were  by  permission.  We  will  assume  thia 
bill  to  be  a  law  in  Illinois,  and  what  is  said  of  it  on  the  strength  of 
this  assumption  applies  equally  to  what  is  a  fact  in  the  State  of  Ken- 
tucky. 
The  bill  consists  of  only  one  section  and  18  paragraphs,  including 
the  first  section  and  two  schedules  designated  A  and  B. 
