Aa5um8H7A4RM*}         Fluid  Extract  of  Azedarach.  359 
and  agitated  violently ;  a  milky  mixture,  without  any  separation  of 
gum,  resulted.  At  last  I  added  the  sugar,  3'ii.  Instead  of  the  pre- 
scribed 3ii  acacia,  I  took  only  48  grains. 
You  will  see  that  I  only  followed  the  old,  very  old  rule,  for  making 
■emulsions.  Make  the  mucilage  of  about  "  the  same  consistence  as 
the  liquid  to  be  emulsionized." 
By  the  way,  I  see  that  Mr.  Forbes'  plan  has  been  suggested  not 
■only  by  M.  Nougaret,  for  castor  oil  (Am.  Journ.  Pliarm.,  1869,  Vol. 
xli,  p.  204),  but  that  Mr.  Thos.  Powers  speaks  of  this  bottle  process 
-as  of  an  old  one(Am.  Journ.  Pharm.,  1833, Vol.  v,  page  101).  But 
Mr.  Forbes  is  the  first  who  found  out  how  very  little  gum  is  needed  to 
make  an  emulsion.  Hans  M.  Wilder. 
Philadelphia,  July  6th,  1874. 
FLUID  EXTRACT  AND  SYRUP  OF  AZEDARACH. 
By  John  Joseph  Miles,  G-.  P. 
Extract  from  an  Inaugural  Essay. 
Melia  Azedarach,  an  elegant  tree,  twenty-five  to  thirty- five  feet  in 
height,  is  the  principal  shade-tree  in  the  avenues  of  many  of  our 
Southern  villages  and  cities,  where  it  is  known  under  the  names  of 
Bead-tree,  Pride  of  China,  China-tree,  Pride  of  India,  &c.  It  is 
avoided  by  tlies  and  other  insects.*  The  bark  of  the  root  is  officinal 
in  the  U.  S.  Pharmacopoeia,  but  all  parts  of  the  tree  possess  medicinal 
properties  ;  it  acts  as  an  anthelmintic,  and  in  large  doses,  narcotic. 
The  fluid  extract  is  prepared  as  follows :  Take  of  the  inner  bark 
of  the  root  sixteen  troyounces  ;  dilute  alcohol,  sufficient  quantity. 
Macerate  the  bark  in  sixteen  fluidounces  of  the  dilute  alcohol  for 
twenty-four  hours  ;  then  percolate  until  twelve  fluidounces  have  been 
obtained,  and  set  this  aside.  Continue  the  percolation  with  sufficient 
dilute  alcohol  to  obtain  twelve  fluidounces  of  percolate;  evaporate 
*  Dr.  F.  P.  Porcher,  in  his  "  Resources  of  the  Southern  Fields  and  Forests/' 
states  that  a  decoction  of  half  a  bushel  of  berries  to  fifteen  gallons  of  water 
sprinkled  over  the  affected  plant,  will,  in  most  cases,  prevent  the  depredation 
of  the  black  grub  or  cutworm;  and,  upon  the  authority  of  Mr.  John  Commins, 
it  is  asserted  that  the  Pride  of  India,  by  being  planted  alternately  with  peach- 
trees,  will  prevent  the  latter  from  being  infested  by  the  aphis,  and  protect  the 
fruit  of  the  peach  against  the  immense  destruction  by  insects. — Editor  Amer. 
Journ.  Pharm. 
