480 
Is  Ozone  a  Concomitant,  etc. 
J  Am.  Jour.  Phars:- 
(      Oct.  1,  1874. 
is  placed  in  a  larger  weighed  dish,  and  the  ether  gently  evaporated 
by  placing  it  in  warm  water.  When,  toward  the  close,  it  becomes 
turbid,  the  dish  is  placed  on  a  water-bath  and  heated  to  100°  C.  for 
a  short  time,  until  the  fat  is  dry,  when  it  is  weighed.  The  weight  of 
the  fat,  subtracted  from  that  of  the  total  milk  solids,  gives  the  amount 
of  milk  solids  not  fat,  a  very  important  datum,  as  it  is  the  most  con- 
stant quantity  in  milk  analysis,  and  gives,  by  a  very  simple  calcula- 
tion, the  extent  of  watering  to  which  the  milk  has  been  subjected. 
The  determination  of  casein  is  usually  unnecessary,  but  may  be 
made  to  prove  that  the  milk  was  adulterated  with  skim  instead  of 
water.  The  portion  insoluble  in  ether  is  extracted  with  strong  alco- 
hol, then  with  boiling  water,  dried  up  in  a  water-bath,  weighed, 
ignited,  the  ash  weighed  and  its  weight  subtracted  from  the  previous 
weight  of  casein  and  ash.  The  result  is  crude  casein,  including,  of 
course,  the  albumen,  &c.  The  use  of  skimmed  milk  is  shown  by  the 
presence  of  more  casein  than  the  natural  quantity,  and  less  butter  or 
fat. 
The  determination  of  the  total  ash  is  made  by  simply  evaporating 
5  c.c.  of  milk  to  dryness  and  igniting  over  a  spirit  lamp  or  Bunsen 
burner.  If  less  ash  is  found  than  usual,  it  indicates  watering ;  if 
more  than  usual,  chalk  or  other  mineral  adulterant  has  been  employed. 
— Journ.  of  App.  Chem.,  July,  1874. 
IS  OZONE  A  CONCOMITANT  OF  THE  OXIDATION  OF  ESSENTIAL 
OILS  ?  * 
By  Charles  T.  Kingzett,  F.  C.  S. 
It  is  generally  stated  in  books  that  the  oxidation  of  oil  of  turpen- 
tine is  attended  with  the  production  of  ozone.  Thus,  in  Vol.  iii.  of 
u  Miller's  Chemistry "  it  is  stated,  "  Oil  of  turpentine  gradually 
absorbs  oxygen  from  the  air,  with  the  formation  of  a  certain  proportion 
of  ozone;"  and  in  Gmelin's  work  (Vol.  xiv)  it  is  written,  "  Oil  of 
turpentine  absorbs  oxygen  gas,  acquiring  new  properties,  and  being 
converted  into  ozonized  oil  of  turpentine." 
Further,  Lawes,  Gilbert  and  Pugh  have  stated  their  belief  that 
the  supposed  ozone  existing  in  the  vicinity  of  vegetation  is  due  to  the 
oxidation  of  hydrocarbons  evolved  by  plants  {Chem.  Soe.  J.  [2],  \9 
1863,  p.  100). 
*  Abstract  of  a  paper  read  before  the  Chemical  Society  {Journ.  Chem.  Soc. 
[2],  vol.  xii,  p.  511). 
