m.  Jour.  Pharm.  \ 
February,  1896.  J 
North  American  Conifer ce. 
75 
hausted.  The  Gulf  Coast  pine  belt,  covering  some  40,000  square 
miles,  shows  no  difference  from  the  Atlantic  forest. 
The  upper  division  of  the  pine  belt,  a  region  of  mixed  growth 
in  Alabama  on  a  broken  surface,  covers  about  23,000  square  miles, 
while  the  belt  of  drift  deposit  which  crosses  the  State  contains 
about  1,000  square  miles,  covered  with  long-leaf  pine  of  excellent 
quality  and  large  yield  per  acre.  The  drift  deposits  along  the  Coosa 
River,  covering  about  300,000  acres,  and  a  detached  portion  of  60,- 
OOO  acres,  are  covered  with  pine  of  fine  quality,  hardly  yet  touched. 
In  Louisiana,  on  the  eastern  side  of  the  Red  River,  there  is  a 
somewhat  isolated  area  of  long-leafed  pine,  estimated  at  1,625,000 
acres,  and  in  Texas  a  similar  area  of  5,000  square  miles;  -in 
neither  State  has  this  vast  supply  been  tapped  for  turpentine  to 
an  appreciable  extent. 
The  long-leafed  pine  tree  is  tall,  straight-boled,  has  a  thin-scaled 
bark,  and  a  very  hard,  resinous  wood.  The  stem  separates  near  the 
summit  into  several  diverging  branches,  giving  the  tree  a  flattish 
top.  The  leaves  are  in  threes,  or  rarely  in  fours,  from  10  to  15 
inches  long  and  subtended  at  the  base  by  a  conspicuous  scaly  sheath, 
from  1  inch  to  ty2  inches  long.  The  leaves  are  crowded  at  the 
ends  of  the  branches.  The  cones  are  terminal,  from  6  to  10  inches 
long,  conical  or  oblong-conical,  the  scales  thick  and  armed  with  a 
short  recurved  spine. 
MICROSCOPICAL  STRUCTURE. 
The  leaves  in  cross-section  showed  the  following  structure :  Tri- 
angular, with  two  flattish  sides  and  one  broader,  convex  one.  The 
epidermis  on  all  sides  was  perforated  by  stomata,  which  are  arranged 
in  nearly  equidistant  longitudinal  rows  on  the  different  sides.  There 
were  observed  from  sixteen  to  twenty  rows  in  all.  The  hypoderma 
consisted  of  from  two  to  four  layers  of  thick-walled  fibrous  cells,  in- 
terrupted where  the  stomata  occurred.  The  mesophyll  cells  were  of 
medium  size,  and  with  the  walls  folded  as  in  other  species  of  Pinus. 
The  secretion  reservoirs  were  usually  about  four,  arranged  as  in  the 
leaf  of  P.  rigida,  except  that  they  occurred  close  to  the  endodermis. 
The  endodermis  was  large-celled,  enclosing  a  pitted  pericycle  tissue 
of  many  layers,  within  which  laid  two  collateral  fibro-vascular 
bundles.  At  the  outer  end  of  each  phloem  mass  was  a  double  row 
of  thick-walled  fibrous  cells.  At  the  outer  end  of  each  xylem  mass 
was  a  loosely  arranged  parenchyma,  usually  with  large  intercellular 
