154  Acetone  and  Acetone-Chloroform.  {^ii^Km™' 
and  distilled.  The  chloroform  was  separated  and  rectified  with  con- 
centrated sulphuric  acid.  The  yellow  chloroform  thus  obtained  was 
again  rectified  from  burnt  lime,  when  it  had  an  empyreumatic  odor 
— quantity  not  given." 
In  experiment  (b)  30  grammes  of  acetone,  120  of  hypochlorite 
and  enough  water  to  make  a  pasty  mass,  were  mixed  and  distilled. 
It  is  true  much  chloroform  came  over,  but  there  was  also  undecom- 
posed  acetone  as  well.  It  was  repeatedly  washed  with  water  and 
rectified  over  chloride  of  calcium,  in  which  rectification  there  was 
a  pretty  large  loss  every  time,  but  the  number  of  times  is  not  given. 
The  yield  was  9  grammes. 
Experiment  (r),  since  in  both  experiments  undecomposed  acetone 
distilled  over  the  quantity  (proportion)  of  hypochlorite  was  in- 
creased, and  30  grammes  of  acetone  to  150  grammes  of  hypochlor- 
ite, with  water  were  mixed  to  a  pasty  mass,  allowed  to  stand  twenty- 
four  hours,  and  were  then  distilled.  The  product  contained  much 
chloroform,  but  also  undecomposed  acetone ;  therefore,  it  was  put 
back  into  the  retort  with  40  grammes  of  fresh  hypochlorite  and 
again  distilled.  The  chloroform  thus  obtained  still  contained 
acetone,  from  which  it  was  purified  by  repeated  washing  with  water, 
and  then  rectified  over  chloride  of  calcium.  The  yield  was  10 
grammes  of  chloroform. 
Another  experiment  (d)  is  given,  wherein  20  grammes  of  acetone 
and  60  grammes  of  hypochlorite  were  distilled  together  without 
water,  but  with  unfavorable  result,  the  yield  being  6  grammes  of 
chloroform. 
The  specific  gravity  of  the  chloroform  obtained  from  acetone, 
after  repeated  rectifications  over  chloride  of  calcium,  was  only  1-31, 
and  it  always  contained  some  acetone  ;  and  the  largest  yield  by 
Bbttger's  process  was  one-third  of  the  acetone  used.  This  differs 
considerably  from  his  statement  that  1  part  of  acetone  yielded  1 
parts  of  chloroform. 
Siemerling  then  goes  on  to  say  that  if  we  assume,  with  Liebig, 
that  acetone  is  composed  of  I  atom  of  acetyloxide  and  1  atom  of 
methyloxide,  and  explain  in  this  way  the  formation  of  chloroform 
from  methyloxide,  it  naturally  follows  that  we  must  get  less  chloro- 
form than  the  acetone  used. 
The  sum  of  the  elements  of  r  atom  of  acetyloxide  =  C4HeO,  and 
j  atom  of  methyloxide  =  C2HeO  is  equivalent  to  2  atoms  of  acetone 
