AmAprn?f896.rm'}        Botany  and  Materia  Medica.  215 
consists  of  the  powdered  leaves  only  of  the  Rhus  coriaria,  a  hardy 
shrub  growing  on  the  rocky  slopes  of  Sicily  and  elsewhere. 
In  1894,  the  amount  of  sumach,  ground  and  in  the  leaf,  exported 
from  Palermo  to  the  United  Kingdom,  amounted  to  about  3,400 
tons,  valued  at  £26,181,  whilst  the  total  export  of  sumach  to  all 
countries  during  the  same  period  was  about  25,000  tons,  of  which 
France  took  10,000  tons,  America  5,500  tons,  Germany  3,265  tons. 
The  approximate  value  of  the  exports  of  this  product  in  1894  was 
£192,923  14^  Sd. 
Absolutely  pure  sumach  should  contain  from  20  to  22  per  cent, 
of  tannin  as  gallotannic  acid.  However,  perfect  purity  never  ap- 
pears in  the  market,  and  a  satisfactory  quality  and  one  of  greater 
strength  than  generally  sold,  would  be  20  per  cent,  tannin  calcu- 
lated as  gallotannic  acid. 
Much  of  the  beauty  of  the  streets  and  gardens 
of  Southern  California  is  due  to  the  presence  of 
The  Pepper  liee.  t^.g  gout;jj  American  and  Mexican  tree,  the 
Schinus  molle,  which  the  Spanish  priests  car- 
ried to  California  when  they  established  their  missions.  It  is  now 
the  most  commonly  planted  shade  and  ornamental  tree  in  all  the 
region  south  of  the  Bay  of  San  Francisco.  Travellers  from  the  East 
usually  regard  it  as  a  native  and  typical  California  tree. 
Schinus  molle  is  an  excellent  street  tree  for  dry  arid  regions.  In 
wet  weather  the  leaves  emit  a  pungent  balsamic  odor,  due  to  the  resin 
glands  with  which  they  abound,  and  which,  when  the  leaves  are  placed 
in  water,  burst,  giving  them  an  apparently  spontaneous  movement. 
In  Chili,  according  to  Molini,  a  kind  of  red  wine,  agreeable  in  flavor, 
but  very  heating,  is  prepared  from  the  berries,  and  from  the  bark 
a  dye  of  the  color  of  burned  coffee.  {Garden  and  Forest,  December 
18,  1895,  P-  5Q2-) 
Mr.  E.  M.  Holmes,  in  a  paper  read  before  the 
LKelwe^of  Com      Chemists'  Assistants'  Association,  and  printed 
"    subsequently  in  the  Pharmaceutical  Journal, 
December  21,  1895,  P-  52°»  reviews,  in  his 
usually  lucid  and  interesting  style,  the  history,  botany  and  chemistry 
of  the  various  commercial  varieties  of  jaborandi.    The  name  jabo- 
randi  appears  to  be  applied,  in  various  countries  in  South  America, 
to  a  number  of  plants  belonging  to  the  Rutaceae  and  Piperaceae,  all 
possessing  sialogogue  properties. 
