250 
Gleanings  in  Materia  Medica. 
J  Am.  Jour.  Phariu. 
t      May,  1885. 
by  the  authors  show  that  cu])reine  as  well  as  homoquinine  must  be 
regarded  as  distinct  alkaloids,  and  that  the  characters  of  the  tartrate  of 
the  latter  may  to  some  extent  account  for  the  fact  that  De  Vrij  and 
others  came  to  the  conclusion  that  cuprea  bark  contains  cinchonidine. 
Cupreine. 
Sulphate.  Solutions  easily  super- 
saturated ;  at  the  surface  the  salt 
separates  as  minute  white  specks, 
which  under  tiie  magnifyin^^  glass 
show  radiating  needles. 
Acid  Sulphate.  Much  less  soluble 
than  the  homociuinine  salt;  tlie 
concentrated  solution  yields  dis- 
tinct tufts  of  radiating  acicular 
crystals. 
Hydrochlorate.  Much  loss  soluble 
than  the  homoquinine  salt ;  dis- 
tinctly crystallizable  in  bunches  of 
long  glassy  needles. 
Nitrate.  Very  soluble;  di.stinctly 
crystallizable  in  tufts  of  long  stout 
radiating  needles. 
Oxalate.  Ai^parently  uncrystalliz- 
able,  the  solution  drying  up  to  a 
resinoid  residue,  with  a  few  crystal- 
line spots. 
Tartrate.  Much  more  soluble  than 
the  homoquinine  salt. 
Hydriodate.  Sparingly  soluble  in 
water ;  distinctly  crystallizable 
without  any  sign  of  a  resinoid  de- 
posit. 
Acid  solutions.    No  fluorescence. 
j  Ver^'  soluble 
Caustic  Soda,  10  per  |  in    the  cold, 
cent  solution.        f  and  without 
J  decomposition. 
Strong  alcohol.    Le-^s  soluble  than 
homoquinine;    crystallizes  very 
readily  in  dense  warty  groups  of 
minute  crystals. 
From  etht  r.    Crystals  more  massive 
than  next,  arranged  in  groups  and 
conspicuously      striated  trans- 
verselv. 
Homoquinijie. 
Much  more  soluble  than  the  cu- 
preine salt ;  separates  in  slender 
needles,  sometitnes  grouped  in 
stellate  bunches  and  presenting 
characters  closely  analogous  to 
those  of  quinine  sulphate. 
By  spontaneous  evaporation  the 
solution  becomes  syrupy  and  then 
solidifies  as  a  gelatinous  slightly 
fluorescent  residue  of  very  small 
bulk  comparatively. 
Solution  in  drying  up  leaves  an 
amorphous  resinoid  residue. 
Solution  dries  up  to  a  resinous  resi- 
due showing  no  sign  of  crystalliza- 
tion. 
Much  less  soluble  than  the  cupreine 
salt ;  delicate  needles  formed  at 
the  surface  .and  becoming  opaque 
on  drying. 
Very  sparingly  soluble,  in  many  re- 
sjiects  resembling  cinchonidine 
tartrate. 
Faintly  yellow  resinoid  mass,  very 
similar'tothat  furnished  by  quinine 
salts  with  potassium  iodide. 
Very  marked  fluorescence. 
Decomposed  into  quinine  and  cu- 
preine. 
Very  soluble;  solution  dries  up 
almost  to  an  amorphous  residue 
before  showing  any  signs  of 
crystals  in  minute  bunches. 
Very  thin  prismatic  laminae,  having 
characteristically  shaped  ends 
with  two  oblique  planes. 
Sarcocephalus  esculentus,  Afzelius,  s.     Cephalina  esculenta,  Schu- 
macher,  nat.  ord.  Cinchonaceae,  grows  from  Senegambia  to  the  Gaboon, 
from  16°  N.  lat.  to  5°  S.  lat.,  and  is  known  in  the  Sousou  tongue  as 
"  doundake/'  in  the  Touconleur  as  ''jadali/^  in  the  Bassa  country  as 
dorg,''  and  in  Sierra  Leone  as  "  amelliky.^'    The  root  is  sometimes 
