Medicinal  Plants  in  Bahia. 
Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
March,  1920. 
Ipecacuanha. — This  is  a  shrub  growing  in  the  shade  of  the  forest, 
the  root  of  which  is  dried  and  powdered  for  use  in  medicine.  It  is 
valued  as  an  expectorant,  diaphoretic  and  emetic.  It  is  not  culti- 
vated, but  care  is  taken  in  digging  up  the  plants  to  leave  sufficient 
roots  in  the  soil  for  another  crop. 
Jahorandi  Leaves. — Aphrodisiac,  sudorific  and  stimulating. 
From  these  leaves  is  extracted  pilocarpine,  which  is  used  in  tonic 
preparations  for  the  hair. 
Juruheha  (Solanum  paniculatum) . — Remedy  for  congestion  and 
maladies  of  the  liver. 
Loco  Leaf. — A  vegetable  caustic. 
Carnauba  Wax. — A  tasteless,  aseptic  wax  extracted  form  the 
leaf  of  a  palm  tree  known  locally  as  the  "carnaubeira"  and  em- 
ployed in  the  preparation  of  ointments,  pomades  and  pills. 
Mamona. — This  is  Portuguese  for  the  castor  plant,  which  was  in- 
troduced into  Brazil  from  India  and  China  by  the  earlier  colonists, 
but  spread  so  quickly  as  to  have  the  appearance  to-day  of  a  forest 
plant.  Both  the  seed  and  oil  are  exported  from  Bahia  in  increasing 
quantities  each  year. 
Manaca  Root. — Antisyphilitic  vegetable  mercury. 
Jatobd  Gum. — Jatoba  is  a  name  applied  to  several  species  of 
trees  found  in  the  valley  of  the  River  Sao  Francisco,  which  traverses 
the  northern  and  western  parts  of  the  State  of  Bahia.  The  gum 
which  is  extracted  from  this  tree  is  employed  in  the  composition 
of  syrups  for  pulmonary  affections.  It  is  variously  known,  locally, 
as  jatoba,  jatahy  and  jutahy. 
Jatobd  Bark. — The  bark  of  the  above-mentioned  tree  is  also  of 
value  in  the  preparation  of  medicines  and  is  employed  as  an  astrin- 
gent and  carminative. 
Mango  Tree  {Mangifera  indica). — The  leaves  are  antiasthmatic. 
Menstrasto.- — A  plant,"  stimulating  against  colics  and  used  in 
fevers,  also  in  baths  to  cure  weakness. 
Milhomens  {Aristolochia  cymbifera.) — Used  against  paralysis, 
dropsy  and  stomach  trouble. 
Mulungu  {Erytkrina  mulungu). — The  inner  bark  is  a  powerful 
sedative,  narcotic  and  antispasmodic,  and  is  a  substitute  for  bella- 
donna; it  also  exercises  a  special  action  on  the  liver;  in  doses  of  5 
centigrams  it  will  induce  sleep. 
