352 
Current  Literature. 
Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
May,  1920. 
with  a  sealing  device  the  corks  must  be  securel}^  tied  or  wired  in 
place. 
Hold  for  4  or  5  days  at  a  temperature  of  65  to  70  degrees  F., 
shaking  every  day  to  keep  the  curd  well  broken  up.  At  the  end  of 
this  time  there  should  be  considerable  gas  but  not  enough  to  blow 
the  milk  out  of  the  bottle.  It  should  have  a  pleasant  acid  taste 
with  a  slight  bitterness.  The  fresh  milk  sometimes  has  a  yeasty 
taste,  but  this  gradually  disappears.  If  the  milk  is  kept  on  ice  it 
will  remain  in  good  condition  for  two  weeks  or  more. 
CURRENT  LITERATURE 
MEDICAL  AND  PHARMACEUTICAL  NOTES. 
Estimation  01^  Sugar  in  Bi^ood  in  Diagnosis  and  Treat- 
ment.— A  study  of  more  than  700  cases  of  diabetes  by  Cammidge 
has  shown  that  there  is  no  constant  blood  sugar  level  for  the  appear- 
ance of  sugar  in  the  urine  in  quantities  recognizable  by  ordinary 
tests;  also  that  there  is  no  definite  relationship  between  the  per- 
centage of  sugar  in  the  blood  and  either  the  percentage  or  total  amount 
of  sugar  excreted  by  the  kidneys.  Patients  with  a  permanently 
high  blood  sugar  may  pass  comparatively  little  sugar  in  their  urine, 
while,  in  some  instances,  a  normal,  or  even  a  subnormal,  blood  sugar 
curve  may  be  associated  with  frank  glycosuria.  In  either  condition, 
examination  of  the  urine  alone  does  not  give  a  correct  picture  of 
the  case,  and,  if  it  is  not  checked  by  blood  sugar  estimations  under 
controlled  conditions,  may  readily  lead  to  mistakes  in  diagnosis 
and  treatment.  As  a  rule,  young  diabetics  have  a  lower  threshold 
point  for  clinical  glycosuria  than  those  of  middle  age,  and  the  thresh- 
old rises  with  advancing  years.  It  is,  therefore,  important  that 
the  presence  of  even  small  amounts  of  sugar  in  the  urine  of  persons 
of  middle  age  should  not  be  dismissed  as  of  little  significance,  un- 
less a  series  of  blood  tests  have  shown  that  their  tolerance  for  carbo- 
hydrates is  not  seriously  defective.  Hyperglycemia  may  exist 
without  clinical  glycosuria,  that  is  with  an  insufficient  percentage 
of  sugar  in  the  urine  to  give  the  ordinary  tests  for  sugar.  The  re- 
verse condition,  glycosuria  with  a  normal  or  subnormal  percentage 
of  sugar  in  the  blood,  is  not  as  uncommon  as  is  generally  supposed. 
Cammidge' s  observations  suggest  that  many  cases  of  latent  dia- 
betes are  essentially  hepatic  in  origin,  and  that  so  long  as  the  patient 
