REACTION BETWEEN QUINIA, CHLORINE AND AMMONIA. 37 
tense emerald green, but without the least trace of a precipitate ; 
a larger quantity of the ammonia had no effect upon the color; 
but a great increase of the chlorine destroyed it to such an 
extent that the solution of sulphate of quinia with 100 drops 
of the chlorine appeared of a greenish yellow; on the addition 
of ammonia, and with 400 drops of chlorine, it became of the 
yellow color of white wine ; when the colored liquid was 
saturated with sulphuric acid, the color disappeared, but was 
again restored by saturating the free acid by means of am- 
monia. 
The solution of chlorine causes a decomposition of the 
quinia, and this decomposition varies in degree according 
to the quantity of chlorine, whether we obtain a green pre- 
cipitate, a green solution, or a yellow solution by an increase 
in the quantity of the chlorine. The most intense color is 
produced by using 1 grain of sulphate of quinine, 100 grains 
of water, 200 drops of the aqueous solution of chlorine 
recently prepared, and 10 or 20 drops of the solution of 
ammonia. This color is so intense that we can dilute the 
solution with twenty thousand parts of water, and it will still 
retain an appreciable green tint. 
The green precipitate is solid, and has the following pro- 
perties. A green color, an obscurely bitter taste, similar to 
that of quinia; heated by itself, it fuses, and gives off pyro- 
ammoniacal vapors; it is insoluble in cold water, and almost 
insoluble in boiling water; it is fusible, and does not appear 
to contain any chlorine; it is insoluble in ether, but very 
soluble in alcohol, and diluted sulphuric, nitric, hydrochloric, 
and acetic acids. The solutions in these acids were not green 
but red, similar to red wine, and on being saturated with 
ammonia, the precipitate was again separated with its original 
green color. Heated with nitric acid, the green precipitate was 
changed into a yellow bitter substance. 
On evaporating the green ammoniacal solution of quinia, 
it became by degrees of a red color, and left a reddish residue, 
mixed with much ammoniacal salt. By treating this residue 
repeatedly with alcohol, and by repeated evaporation and re- 
