ON CINCHONA. 315 
the others by their external appearance and mode of packing. 
Two of these chests were marked " Para la real familie" 
(for the royal family,) and were lined with sheet iron: they 
contained fine quills, of thirteen inches long, tied up by 
means of bass into bundles of about three inches in diameter. 
Von Bergen states that he received from England, in 1824, 
similar bundles, under the name of second Crown. The 
other sort was marked " Para la real corte" (for the royal 
court.) 
Commerce. — Crown or Loxa bark is imported in serons 
(holding from sixty to ninety pounds,) and in chests (contain- 
ing about one hundred pounds.) In these packages we some- 
times meet with bundles tied round with bass. A bundle 
which I have is fourteen inches long, and six inches in dia- 
meter. 
Varieties. — Druggists make several varieties of Crown 
bark, but none of them of much importance: they are founded 
partly on the thickness and size of the quills, and the nature 
of the epidermis,— partly on the crustaceous lichens. Thus 
the finest and thinnest quills, with a short fracture, constitute 
what is called Corf. Cinchonas coronas super/, elect, A 
somewhat larger quill, with a silvery appearance of the epi- 
dermis, derived from the adherent crustaceous lichens, con- 
stitutes the Silver Crown bark. A similar kind of bark, but 
in which the external coat has a speckled appearance, is called 
Leopard Crown bark. Lastly, a rusty colored variety, re- 
markably free from lichens, and which I believe to be the 
young Huamalies bark, is sold as Rusty Crown bark. 
Characters. — Loxa or Crown bark is only met with in the 
form of coated quills; neither flat nor uncoated pieces being 
ever met with. These quills vary in length from six to fifteen 
inches; in diameter from two lines to an inch; in thickness from 
one-third of a line to two lines: they are both singly and 
doubly quilled. The outer surface or epidermis of this bark 
is characterized by numerous transverse cracks, which in the 
fine and middling quills are often distant from each other 
only from one to one and a half lines, and frequently extend 
