ON CINCHONA. 
319 
Ash Cinchona Bark. 
History and synonymes. — It is uncertain at what period 
this bark was introduced into commerce, but it was probably 
among the earliest varieties introduced. Bergen states he 
found it in an old collection of drugs made in 1770. It has 
long been known in English and German commerce, but was 
unknown to the French until I sent samples to Professor 
Guibourt, who, in the last edition of his " Histoire Abregie 
des Drogues" speaks of it as a variety of Loxa bark: in this 
I think he is in error, for it does not appear to me to possess 
the characteristic marks of Loxa bark. 
In Germany it is called Jaen Cinchona, after a province 
in South America of that name. The term Jaen has become 
corrupted into Ten, by which name this bark is designated; 
or to distinguish it from the pseudo-Loxa bark, also called by 
this name, it is termed pale ten cinchona. 
Commerce. — It is imported usually in chests of from 110 
to 140 lbs.; but we meet with it also in serons of from 70 to 
100 lbs. 
Characters. — This bark is met with in a quilled form only: 
the quills being of middling size, or somewhat thick; being 
from 4 to 16 inches long, from 3i lines to 1 inch diameter, 
and from i to 2 lines thick. A very remarkable character 
connected with this bark is the crookedness of the quills, 
which are more or less arched and twisted; from which cir- 
cumstance we may infer the probability of its being obtained 
from a tree which grows in a damp situation. On the outer 
or epidermoid surface we observe a few transverse cracks, and 
some faint longitudinal cracks; but in these respects there is a 
manifest difference between this and Loxa bark. The color 
of the outer surface varies between ash gray, whitish gray, 
and pale yellow, with blackish or brownish spots. The inner 
surface is either even or splintery, and of a cinnamon brown 
color. The fracture is even or splintery; the odor is tan-like; 
the taste feebly astringent and bitter. The color of the 
powder cinnamon brown. 
