30 
Angopkora  Kino. 
J  Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
I        Jan.,  1893. 
liquid  when  the  trunk  (particularly  at  swellings)  is  tapped.  I  have 
described  this  substance  under  the  name  of  "  liquid  kino"  in  a  paper, 
Proc.  R.  S.  Victoria,  1889,  p.  82.  It  is  sometimes  known  as  "cider,"  and 
it  is  worthy  of  note  that  some  country  people  call  all  liquids  obtained 
from  our  native  trees  "cider"  whether  they  are  drinkable  or  not. 
A.  intermedia  forms  a  fine  tree,  perhaps  the  handsomest  of  the 
genus.  The  bark  is  fibrous,  hence  the  kino  gets  entangled  in  it  and 
is  frequently  wasted.  I  describe  four  specimens  of  its  kino,  illustrat- 
ing the  variability  of  its  appearance  and  composition. 
(1)  From  Colombo  (Lyttelton),  near  Candelo,  New  South  Wales, 
gathered  in  June.    Height  of  tree  30-50  feet,  diam.  2-4  feet. 
This  kino  had  evidently  exuded  some  time  when  collected.  It  is 
of  a  reddish-brown  color,  and  of  a  brittle  nature.  From  this  cir- 
cumstance, the  small  masses  in  which  it  is  obtained  speedily  lose 
their  bright,  fresh  appearance,  assuming  a  color  very  much  like  that 
of  ordinary  dried  currants.  It  forms  a  dull-looking  powder  of  a 
pinkish-brown  color.  Cold  water  acts  slowly  upon  it,  forming  an 
orange-brown  solution  which  may  readily  be  decanted.  The  abund- 
ant residue  (mainly  consisting  of  catechin)  crumbles,  forming  a 
compact  sediment  of  an  Indian-red  color,  and  containing  a  quantity 
of  woody  matter.  It  is  exceedingly  tedious  to  extract  the  last  por- 
tions of  soluble  matter.  Except  in  regard  to  tints  of  filtrate  and 
residue,  all  Angophora  kinos  behave  in  the  way  just  described  when 
treated  with  water,  and  yield,  when  treated  with  alcohol,  a  turbid 
liquid  and  a  filtrate  of  an  orange-brown  color. 
(2)  Bangley  Creek,  near  Cambewarra,  collected  in  March,  from 
trees  in  diam.  1-2  feet. 
This  is  obviously  a  fresher  sample  than  A.  intermedia  No.  1  It  is 
so  like  A.  lanceolata  No.  2  as  scarcely  to  be  distinguished  from  it  in 
bulk.  In  water  its  behavior  is  similar  to  that  of  the  preceding 
sample,  but  the  solution  is  of  a  pale  orange  color. 
(3)  A  second  sample  from  Bangley  Creek,  Cambewarra,  collected 
in  April  from  trees,  height  60-80  feet,  diam.  1-3  feet. 
It  is  a  very  clean  sample,  is  neither  perfectly  new  nor  very  old,  is 
in  smallish  pieces,  and  of  a  garnet  color.  On  account  of  its  fria- 
bility, it  can  be  reduced  to  a  light  orange  powder  between  the 
fingers  without  much  difficulty.  The  kino  in  bulk  has  a  slightly 
dulled  appearance,  although  individual  fragments  break  with  a 
bright  fracture. 
