AmM°aU/,'Sarm'}  Adulteration  of  Castor  and  Olive  Oils.  231 
author  gives  further,,  the  following  two  formulas  as  efficient  and 
well-tolerated  preparations  for  producing  myosis,  and  anaesthesia, 
respectively  : 
(I)  Eserine  sulphate,  1  gm.;  pilocarpine  hydrochlorate,  2  gm.;  and 
distilled  water,  loogm. 
(II)  Cocaine  hydrochlorate,  and  pilocarpine  hydrochlorate,  of  each 
2  gm.;  and  distilled  water,  100  gm. — Nouv.  rem.,  Feb.,  1893,  p.  55. 
Tonic  wine. — Wine  of  kola,  of  cinchona,  of  gentian,  of  calumba, 
of  each  20  gm. ;  Fowler's  solution,  10  gm. ;  tincture  of  nux  vomica, 
5  gm.    A  small  glassful  should  be  taken  twice  a  day  at  meal  time. 
Tonic  pills. — Extracts  of  cinchona  and  of  kola,  of  each  5  gm.; 
extract  of  rhubarb,  2-50  gm. ;  extract  of  nux  vomica,  0-50  gm.; 
iron  arseniate,  0-30  gm.;  and  kola  powder,  sufficient  for  mak- 
ing 100  pills,  of  which  4  should  be  taken  per  day. — Monit.  de 
la  Phar.,  March,  1893,  P-  1242. 
Brillantin  is  a  preparation  for  the  hair,  for  which  the  Bullet,  de 
Phar.  de  Lyon  gives  the  following  three  formulas : 
(1)  Castor  oil  6,  castile  soap  2,  benzoin  2,  alcohol  200  gm.,  attar 
of  roses  or  of  neroli  sufficient. 
(2)  Glycerin  10,  alcohol  100,  rose  water  100  gm. 
(3)  Castor  oil  6,  glycerin  6,  benzoin  2,  alcohol  200  gm.  Perfume. 
ADULTERATED  CASTOR  AND  OLIVE  OILS. 
By  E.  J.  Parry,  B.Sc,  and  P.  A.  Estcourt,  A.I.C. 
During  the  last  six  months  we  have  had  a  large  number  of  samples 
of  castor  oil  and  olive  oil  sent  to  us  for  analysis,  and  have  been  sur- 
prised to  find  what  a  small  proportion  of  them  were  genuine.  Out 
of  fourteen  samples  of  castor  oil  six  were  genuine  and  eight  adul- 
terated, and  from  fourteen  samples  of  olive  oil  three  were  pure  and 
eleven  adulterated.  Any  sample  of  castor  oil  whose  specific  gravity 
does  not  fall  within  the  limits  of  -956  and  -966  should  be  viewed 
with  grave  suspicion,  and  if  it  be  below  -950  or  above  -969  is  almost 
certainly  adulterated.  The  saponification  equivalent  of  pure  castor 
oil — that  is,  the  number  of  grammes  saponified  by  a  litre  of  normal 
alkali — should  fall  between  310  and  320,  and  the  iodine  absorption, 
according  to  Hubl,  falls  between  84  and  84-7  :  our  own  experiments 
give  85.  As  will  be  seen  from  Table  I,  none  of  the  figures  contained 
agreed  with  these.    With  regard  to  the  rise  in  temperature  when 
