394 
Chloralose. 
Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
Aug..  1893. 
little  pharmacologically,  respecting  ipecacuanha  stems.  Even  the 
estimations  of  "  emetine  "  in  ipecacuanha  stems  are  too  few  at 
present  to  warrant  generalization  as  to  the  relative  proportion  of 
"  emetine  "  in  stems  as  against  "  emetine  "  in  root. 
(29)  I  regret  that  the  present  state  of  knowledge  regarding  the 
pharmacology  of  ipecacuanha  and  its  alkaloid  or  alkaloids  or 
other  active  principles,  either  on  the  chemical  or  medical  side  of 
pharmacology,  prevents  me  writing  any  more  definite  report  than 
the  foregoing.  And  I  fear  that  little  more  can  be  said  on  the 
subject  until  the  drug  and  its  contents  have  been  submitted  to 
thorough  original  research  by  some  agency  commanding  commen- 
surate knowledge,  funds,  and  general  resources. 
CHLORALOSE,  A  DERIVATIVE  OF  CHLORAL,  AND  ITS 
PHYSIOLOGICAL  PROPERTIES.1 
By  Hanriot  and  O.  Richet. 
Equal  quantities  of  anhydrous  chloral  and  dry  glucose  are  heated 
together  at  100°  for  an  hour,  and  the  cooled  product  is  mixed  with 
a  small  quantity  of  water  and  extracted  with  boiling  ether.  The 
portion  soluble  in  ether  is  distilled  repeatedly  with  water  until  all 
chloral  is  expelled,  and  the  aqueous  solution  is  then  subjected  to 
fractional  crystallization ;  in  this  way,  the  anhydroglucochloral 
which  has  already  been  described  by  Heffter  (Abstr.,  1889,  845), 
and  which  the  authors  propose  to  call  chloralose,  is  obtained  in  two 
forms,  namely,  chloralose,  which  crystallizes  in  slender  needles 
melting  at  1 84-1 86°,  and  volatilizing  without  decomposition,  and 
parachloralose,  which  crystallizes  in  nacreous  lamellae  melting  at 
2290.  The  latter  is  soluble  with  difficulty  even  in  hot  water. 
Both  substances  have  the  composition  C8HnCl306. 
Chloralose  with  sulphuric  acid  yields  a  disulphonic  derivative, 
and  with  acetic  anhydride  a  tetracetyl  derivative.  Contrary  to  the 
statement  of  Heffter,  it  does  not  yield  glucose  when  treated  with 
potassium  hydroxide. 
Parachloralose,  probably  by  reason  of  its  insolubility,  is  without 
physiological  activity,  but  chloralose,  when  administered  by  inges- 
tion, produces  hypnotic  effects,  and  at  the  same  time  increases  the 
excitability  of  the  spinal  marrow.     When  given  to  dogs  in  the 
1  Comp.  Rend.,  116,  63-65  ;  Jour.  Chem.  Soe.,  Abst.  I,  p.  247. 
