Am.  Jour.  Pharm. ) 
March,  1884.  J 
Cinchonamine. 
157 
ing  to  Dr.  Laborde,  cinchonamine  is  liighly  poisonous,  even  in  very 
small  doses. 
The  salts  of  cinchonamine  generally  crystallize  readily,  and  are  but 
slightly  soluble  in  water,  especially  in  presence  of  free  acid.  They 
dissolve  in  hot  alcohol,  from  which  they  crystallize  on  cooling.  The 
hydrochloride  crystallizes  from  an  acid  solution  in  thin,  brilliant,  anhy- 
drous, prismatic  lamellae,  very  slightly  soluble  in  acidulated  water. 
From  a  neutral  aqueous  solution,  the  salt  crystallizes  in  opaque  flattened 
prisms  containing  1  mol.  H20.  These  crystals  effloresce,  and  are  much 
more  soluble  in  water  than  the  anhydrous  salt.  This  property  of  the 
hydrochloride  to  crystallize  in  an  anhydrous  condition  from  acid  solu- 
tions furnishes  a  method  of  separating  cinchonamine  from  all  the  alka- 
loids with  which  it  is  associated  in  R.  purdiana.  The  hydrobromide 
forms  brilliant,  slender,  anhydrous  needles,  slightly  soluble  in  cold 
water,  much  more  soluble  in  hot  water.  The  hydriodide  crystallizes 
in  micaceous  plates,  almost  insoluble  in  cold  water.  The  nitrate  is 
only  slightly  soluble  in  cold  alcohol,  but  is  much  more  soluble  in  hot 
alcohol,  from  which  it  crystallizes  in  hard,  thick,  short  prisms.  This 
salt  is  slightly  soluble  in  pure  water,  but  is  insoluble  in  acidulated 
water,  and  is  precipitated  on  adding  nitric  acid  to  even  a  dilute  aqueous 
solution  of  any  cinchonamine  salt.  The  precipitate  is  at  first  floccu- 
lent,  but,  on  standing,  it  rapidly  becomes  crystalline,  the  crystals  being 
small  prisms,  which  polarize  light.  At  15°,  100  parts  of  alcohol  of 
94°  dissolve  0*825  part  of  the  salt;  100  parts  of  water  at  the  same 
temperature  dissolve  0*2  part  of  salt.  The  sulphate  can  be  purified  by 
crystallization  from  alcohol.  A  solution  of  the  salt  in  water  contain- 
ing 1  mol.  H2S04  has  a  rotatory  power  at  15°  [«]D  =  -f  43*5 ;  at  25° 
[«]d  =  +  42*2.  The  formate  crystallizes  with  difficulty.  The  acetate 
is  very  soluble  in  water,  from  which  it  is  deposited  as  a  resinous  mass 
on  evaporation.  By  spontaneous  evaporation  of  the  aqueous  solution 
the  salt  is  obtained  in  deliquescent  crystalline  concretions.  The  oxalate 
does  not  crystallize  from  an  aqueous  solution,  but  is  deposited  in  a  resi- 
nous form.  The  tartrate  forms  a  crystalline  powder  consisting  of  small 
hexagonal  prisms  which  polarize  light.  100  par,ts  of  water  at  15° 
dissolve  1*150  parts  of  the  salt.  The  malate  forms  brilliant  nacreous 
plates,  very  slightly  soluble  in  cold  water,  but  somewhat  soluble  in 
boiling  water.  The  crystals  retain  1  mol.  H20  at  120°,  but  melt  and 
become  anhydrous  at  160°.  100  parts  of  water  at  15°  dissolve  1  part 
of  malate.    The  citrate  is  deposited  from  a  boiling  solution  on  cooling 
