Aii).  Jour.  Pharm.l 
September,  1899.  j 
Gelsemium  Sempervirens,  Alt. 
423 
ture  of  this  subject  have  been  made  by  Vesque,  Weiss,  Russow, 
Petersen,  Van  Tieghem,  Fischer,  Scott,  Gerard,  Herail,  Lignier, 
Leonhard  and  Lamounette. 
Various  views  are  held  by  different  writers  upon  the  relation  be- 
tween the  internal  phloem  and  the  other  parts  of  the  bundle.  Some 
believe  with  de  Bary  that  an  actual  bicollateral  condition  exists,  and 
that  the  internal  phloem  is  as  much  a  part  of  the  bundle  as  the  ex- 
ternal, and  is  of  similar  origin.  Others,  notably  the  French  botan- 
ists Herail  and  Lamounette,  believe  that  the  internal  phloem  is  inde- 
pendent of  the  bundle  and  of  different  origin. 
The  following  papers  have  been  specially  consulted  : 
Solereder,  H. — "  Ueber  den  systematischen  Werth  der  Holz- 
structur  bei  den  Dicotyledonen,"  1885. 
Scott  and  Brebner. — "  On  the  Anatomy  and  Histogeny  of  Strych- 
nos."    Annals  of  Bot.,  Vol.  Ill,  1889. 
Scott  and  Brebner. — "  On  Internal  Phloem  in  the  Root  and  Stem 
of  Dicotyledons."    Annals  of  Bot.,  Vol.  V,  1  891 . 
D.  H.  Scott. — "  On  Some  Points  in  the  Anatomy  of  Iponicea  ver- 
sicolor. ' '    Annals  of  Bot. ,  Vol.  V,  1 89 1 . 
Herail. — "  Recherches  sur  l'Anatomie  comparee  de  la  Tige  des 
Dicotyledones."    Ann.  des  Sc.  Nat.  Bot.,  Ser.  VII,  T.  II,  1885. 
Lamounette. — "  Recherches  sur  l'origine  morphologique  du  Liber 
Interne."    Ann.  des  Sc.  Nat.  Bot.,  Ser.  VII,  T.  XI,  1891. 
LITERATURE  RELATING  TO  GELSEMIUM. 
Gelsemium  sempervirens  is  commonly  known  in  the  Southern 
States  as  the  "  Yellow  Jessamine,"  and  is  placed  in  the  order  Lo- 
ganiaceae  by  Solereder,  Engler  and  Prantl  and  Gray  ;  in  the  order 
Apocynaceae  by  Baillon,  Le  Maout  and  Decaisne. 
In  the  Laboratory  Contributions  from  the  Biological  Department 
of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  for  1884,  J.  G.  Shoemaker  has  a 
few  notes  on  the  stem  of  Gelsemium.  He  remarks  the  widening  of 
the  medullary  rays,  and  "  the  tendency  of  the  pith  to  be  penetrated 
by  several  plates  of  large  thin- walled  cells,  which  divide  the  pith 
more  or  less  perfectly  into  four  portions." 
Professor  Rothrock,  in  February,  1885,  made  a  short  verbal  com- 
munication to  the  Philadelphia  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  con- 
cerning this  stem.  His  attention  was  attracted  by  the  fact  that  the 
diameter  of  the  pith  is  greater  in  a  very  young  twig  than  in  a  stem 
