Am'jJu0nUe?iSiarm'}        }   Notes  011  Essential  Oils.  303 
Linaloe  Oil. — The  consumption  of  this  oil  has  largely  increased,  it  being 
used  in  conjunction  with  cananga  oil  in  the  so-called  lily-of-the-valley  per- 
fumes. It  is  exclusively  distilled  by  the  Indians  in  the  state  of  Guerrero, 
Mexico. 1 
According  to  Semmler  {Ber.  d.  Deutsch.  Chem.  Ges.,  1891,  207)  the  chief 
constituent  of  linaloe  oil  is  linalool  C10H18O,  boiling  between  190  and 
I95°  C.,  and  in  a  tube  100  mm.  turns  the  ray  of  polarized  light  to  the  left 
30  io'  ;  sp.  gr.  at  200  C.  is  0*8821. 
Pennyroyal  Oil. — According  to  E.  Beckmann  and  M.  Pleissner  (Liebig's 
Annalen,  262,  p.  1),  pulegon,  a  body  of  the  formula  C10H16O,  is  most  abund- 
antly contained  in  Spanish,  and  in  smaller  quantity  in  American  and  Algerian 
pulegium  oil.  It  boils  under  a  pressure  of  60  mm.  at  130-1310,  turns  a  ray  of 
polarized  light  to  the  right  and  has  a  sp.  gr.  at  200  of  0*9323.  It  behaves 
chemically  like  a  ketone  forming  with  hydroxylamine  an  oxime,  viz  :  pule- 
gonoxime  C10H19NO2  crystallizing  in  beautiful  needles,  m.  p.  1570  C.  With 
HBr  it  forms  pulegon  hydrobromide,  a  crystalline  compound,  m.  p.  40*5°,  and 
very  suitable  for  its  identification.  By  reduction  with  sodium  in  an  ethereal 
solution  it  yields  menthol. 
Rosemary  Oil. — Pure  rosemary  oil  answers  to  the  following  requirements  : 
sp.  gr.  0*900  or  never  lower  than  0*890 ;  dissolves  at  200  C.  in  ]/z  to  i}i  parts  of 
90  per  cent,  alcohol,  the  solution  remaining  clear  on  further  addition  of  alco- 
hol ;  it  is  dextrogyrate. 
Sandalwood  Oils. — Some  Australian  sandalwood  oil,  recently  sold  at  auction 
in  London,  although  labelled  01.  Santal.  flav.  pur.,  proved  to  be  a  distillate 
from  the  cheap  Swan  River  sandalwood.  This  oil  is  distinguished  from  the 
East  Indian  sandal  oil  by  its  sharp  odor  and  specific  gravity,  the  West  Aus- 
tralian oil  being  0*953,  while  the  Indian  is  0*978. 
African  Sandalwood  Oil.^A  brown-red  wood,  uncommonly  hard,  received 
from  Madagascar,  the  botanical  origin  of  which  is  unknown,  yielded  3  per 
cent,  of  a  ruby-red  oil,  sp.  gr.  0*969,  and  consistence  of  East  Indian  oil.  Odor 
is  not  promising  and  will  probably  be  of  no  value. 
South  Australian  Sandalwood  Oil. — A  distillate  from  the  wood  of  Santalum 
Preissii,  a  tree  growing  in  South  Australia.  The  wood  is  dark  brown,  light 
texture,  hard  and  heavy,  and  distinctly  different  from  the  Swan  River  San- 
talum cignorum.  It  yielded  5  per  cent,  of  a  viscid  cherry -red  oil,  sp.  gr.  at  150  C. 
being  1*022.  This  oil  possesses  the  peculiar  property  of  solidifying  at  medium 
temperatures  and  separating  acicular  crystals.     This   phenomenon  occurs 
1  For  the  botanical  origin  and  composition  of  oil  of  lignaloe,  see  Amer.  Journal  of 
Pharmacy,  1887,  p.  449.  From  the  variableness  of  the  commercial  article,  I  have  very  little 
doubt  that  several  of  the  numerous  Mexican  species  of  Bursera  are  distilled  and  the  oil  sent 
into  commerce  indiscriminately  under  this  name.  From  my  notes,  I  abstract  the  following 
regarding  two  samples  of  oil  examined  :  No.  1  purporting  to  be  distilled  in  the  United  States 
from  imported  wood;  sp.  gr.  0950,  pleasant  aromatic  jasmin-like  odor;  freely  soluble  in 
alcohol  of  90  per  cent,  and  85  per  cent.,  and  in  an  equal  volume  of  80  per  cent.,  soluble  in  2 
volumes  60  per  cent.,  7  volumes  50  per  cent,  and  40  volumes  40  per  cent.  With  iodine  it  yields 
a  brown  solution  without  fumes.  No.  2,  from  a  German  house,  odor  less  aromatic,  slightly 
terebinthinate,  sp.  gr.  0.8807  ;  very  soluble  in  alcohol  of  90  per  cent,  and  85  per  cent,  and  in 
equal  volume  of  80  per  cent.,  but  required  100  volumes  of  60  per  cent,  for  complete  solution; 
with  iodine  it  gives  slight  fumes  and  a  bluish  residue.— G.  M.  B. 
