33Q 
Cicuta  Maculata. 
Am.  Jour.  Pharro. 
July,  1891. 
had  been  lost,  it  giving  then  a  stronger  odor  with  solution  of 
potassa,  than  in  the  fully  ripened  condition. 
Following  out  a  plan  of  analysis,  similar  to  Dragendorff 's,  the 
following  proximate  constituents  were  noted  : 
The  fruit,  owing  to  its  oily  nature,  was  first  macerated  in  the 
bruised  condition  with  petroleum  spirit,  of  a  boiling  point  400  C,  for 
3  days ;  this  first  extract  was  then  poured  off  and  reserved.  The 
residue  was  finely  powdered  and  again  extracted  with  petroleum 
ether  until  nothing  further  was  dissolved  out.  On  evaporation  a 
residue  was  left,  equal  to  21-2  per  cent,  of  the  fruit,  of  which  5-1  per 
cent,  is  volatile  oil.  The  fatty  oil  is  semi-solid  at  ordinary  tempera- 
tures, and  of  a  green  color,  owing  to  the  presence  of  a  little  dissolved 
chlorophyll.  It  belongs  to  the  class  of  non-drying  oils,  and  forms, 
with  HN02,  a  soft,  brownish  solid.  On  decolorizing  its  solution  in 
ether  by  animal  charcoal,  a  light,  yellowish  oil  is  produced,  having 
the  sp.  grav.  0-946  ;  with  H2S04  cone.  (1  acid,  5  oil),  colored  dark 
brown ;  soluble  in  all  proportions  in  absolute  alcohol,  ether,  chloro- 
form, bisulphide  of  carbon,  and  in  100  parts  of  acetic  ether  ;  insolu- 
ble in  glacial  acetic  acid. 
The  volatile  oil  obtained  by  distilling  the  bruised  fruit  with  water 
was  first  of  a  dark  color,  but  on  re-distillation  was  obtained  nearly 
colorless;  yield  4-8  per  cent.;  sp.  grav.  -855  ;  boiling  point  1 77°  C. 
(3500  F.);  soluble  in  \y2  parts  of  commercial  alcohol,  in  all  propor- 
tions of  absolute  alcohol  and  in  50  parts  of  glacial  acetic  acid.  The 
following  color  reactions  were  observed  :  a  solution  of  bromine  in 
chloroform  (I -20)  gives  a  brownish  color;  a  strong  alcoholic  solu- 
tion of  HC1  colors  a  reddish  violet;  H2S04  cone.  (6  drops  to  1  of 
oil)  immediately  dark  brown  ;  fuming  HNOs  on  a  solution  of  the  oil 
in  bisulphide  of  carbon  gives  a  brownish  tint ;  solid  iodine  added  to 
the  oil  dissolves  slowly ;  picric  acid  on  warming  dissolves  with  an 
orange  color. 
The  ether  extract  weighed  2-12  per  cent,  of  which  -98  per  cent,  was 
resin  soluble  in  alcohol.  This,  on  incineration,  left -5  percent,  of 
ash;  it  gives  with  H2S04  a  brown  color,  with  cone.  HNOs  a  light 
brown  solution;  with  5  per  cent.  KOH  a  yellow  solution  and  this 
with  potassium  permanganate  becomes  an  emerald  green,  purplish, 
then  reddish  brown. 
The  absolute  alcohol  extract  weighed  2  per  cent,  of  which  -68  per 
cent,  was  resin  and  1-32  per  cent,  soluble  in  water.    The  watery 
