Am.  Jour.  Pharm.  "1 
Sept.,  1891.  J 
Root  of  Ceanothiis  Americanus. 
431 
greenish  color  and  a  slightly  bitter  taste.  The  remainder  of  the 
benzin  extract  consists  of  a  hard  resin  and  chlorophyll. 
IV.  After  having  thoroughly  washed  with  petroleum  benzin,  and 
dried  at  no°  C,  the  drug  was  macerated  with  100  cc.  of  dry  ether 
for  eight  days  in  a  cool,  dark  place,  and  the  liquid  evaporated  as 
before  ;  the  weight  of  the  residue  indicated  a  total  ether  extract  of 
1-91  per  cent.  This  extract  was  insoluble  in  water,  but  readily 
soluble  in  98  per  cent,  alcohol,  from  which  solution  a  grayish-white 
hard  resin  was  separated  on  pouring  it  into  cold  acidulated  water. 
This  resin  is  turned  yellowish-brown  by  cold  concentrated  sulphuric 
acid,  and  on  heating  a  faint  purple  is  produced.  Froehde's  reagent 
in  the  cold  gives  a  brown  reaction,  and  in  the  hot  solution  an 
apple-green. 
V.  The  powder  was  now  well  washed  with  ether,  dried,  then 
macerated  with  100  cc.  of  98  per  cent,  alcohol  for  eight  days,  and 
the  liquid  evaporated,  leaving  3-205  per  cent,  alcoholic  extract.  36-7 
per  cent,  of  this  extract  was  soluble  in  cold  water.  This  portion  gave 
reactions  for  tannic  acid,  with  the  following  reagents  : — a  greenish- 
black  with  a  ferrous  and  ferric  solution,  precipitates  with  tartar 
emetic,  copper  acetate  and  gelatin.  The  amount  of  tannin  pres- 
ent in  this  solution,  as  estimated  with  lead  acetate,  is  -21 8  per  cent. 
The  remainder  of  the  alcoholic  extract  was  dissolved  with  very 
dilute  ammonia  water,  and  from  this  solution  there  was  precipitated 
by  acetic  acid  I -2 1  per  cent,  of  phlobaphene.  The  extract  also 
contained  a  red  coloring  matter  and  a  resin. 
VI.  The  drug  was  again  washed,  dried  and  then  macerated  for  48 
hours  with  100  cc.  of  water,  total  water  extract  being  5-88  per 
cent.  Ten  cc,  treated  with  98  per  cent,  alcohol,  gave  o  22  gm.  as 
the  weight  of  water  extract  insoluble  in  diluted  alcohol.  A  filtrate 
from  this  precipitate  was  concentrated  and  again  treated  with  three 
times  its  volume  of  98  per  cent,  alcohol,  giving  0  055  gm.  as  the 
weight  of  water  extract  insoluble  in  stronger  alcohol.  The  portion 
insoluble  in  dilute  alcohol  was  principally  gummy  matter.  That 
insoluble  in  the  stronger  alcohol  was  albumen  and  mucilage.  Traces 
of  sugar  were  also  found  in  the  water  solution. 
VII.  The  powder  was  next  macerated  with  a  2  per  cent,  solution 
of  sodium  hydrate  for  24  hours;  the  liquid  acidulated  with  acetic 
acid  and  treated  with  90  per  cent,  alcohol,  which  precipitated  4-74 
per  cent,  of  albuminous  and  pectous  substances.    The  remainder  of 
