A>m.  Jour.  Phariii. 
Nov.,  1891. 
Reviews. 
565 
p.  371.    Next  meeting  at  Plainfield,  in  May  next ;  H.  P.  Reynolds,  Chairman  of 
the  Local  Committee. 
New  York  Thirteenth  annual  meeting.  Pp.174.  See  September  number, 
p.  467.  Next  meeting  at  Syracuse  in  the  month  of  May  ;  J.  C.  Auchampaugh, 
Local  Secretary. 
Oregon.  Organization  and  first  annual  meeting.  Pp.  80.  See  this  Journal, 
1890,  p.  429,  and  1891,  p.  417.  Next  meeting  at  Salem  in  June  next ;  J.  C. 
Smith,  Local  Secretary. 
Pennsylvania.  Fourteenth  annual  meeting.  Pp.  140.  See  July  number,  p. 
372.  Next  meeting  at  Hotel  Shikellimy,  Susquehanna  Heights,  nearSunbury, 
June  14,  1892;  D.  M.  Krauser,  Milton,  Assistant  Secretary. 
Rhode  Island.  Seventh  annual  and  semi-annual  meetings,  held  January 
14,  and  July  8,  1891.  The  officers  are  James  O'Hare,  president;  H.  M. 
Dudley,  Woonsocket,  vice-president;  W.  K.  Cates,  secretary;  and  A.  W. 
Fenner,  Jr.,  treasurer.  The  annual  meeting  is  held  on  the  second  Wednesday 
of  January,  and  the  semi-annual  meeting  on  the  second  Wednesday  of  July. 
Texas.  Twelfth  annual  meeting.  Pp.73.  See  July  number,  p.  372.  Next 
meeting  at  Waco,  May  10,  1892 ;  H.  L.  Carleton,  Local  Secretary. 
Gechiedenes  der  Pharmacie  in  Nederland.  In  opdracht  van  de  Neder- 
landsche  Maatschappi  ter  Bevordering  der  Pharmacie,  bewerkt  door  U.  Stoeder, 
Oud-Voorzitter  en  Honorair  lid  van  genoemde  Maatschappij,  etc.  Amsterdam, 
D.  B.  Centen.    189T.    8vo.    Pp.  xvi  and  448. 
History  of  Pharmacy  in  the  Netherlands. 
This  work  contains,  as  an  introduction  to  the  special  history,  a  brief  sketch 
of  the  general  history  of  pharmacy,  beginning  with  the  oldest  known  phar- 
maceutical document,  the  celebrated  Papyrus  Ebers,  written  about  3,500  years 
before  Christ,  and  now  preserved  in  the  University  Library  at  Leipzig ;  and 
with  the  Aqur  Veda  Susrutas,  the  oldest  Sanskrit  work  on  Indian  materia 
medica,  dating  from  the  eighth-century  before  Christ ;  and  tracing  its  progress 
down  to  modern  times.  From  the  history  of  pharmacy  in  the  Netherlands,  we 
learn  that  previous  to  the  XIV  century,  and  to  some  extent  for  a  long  time 
afterwards,  the  practice  of  pharmacy  was  united  with  that  of  medicine  ;  from 
the  archives  preserved  at  Hertogenbosch,  it  is  learned  that  in  1320  Theodorius, 
the  apothecary,  conducted  a  separate  establishment  for  the  preparation  of 
medicines  ;  and  in  1341,  the  town  of  Zwolle  had  an  apothecary  store  placed  in 
charge  of  Lambert. 
The  first  book  on  pharmacy,  printed  in  Holland,  was  "De  groten  Herba- 
rius,"  which  made  its  appearance  at  Utrecht  in  1538,  and  was  followed  in  1554 
by  the  "  Kruydeboek,"  of  Rembertus  Dodenaeus.  The  first  university  or 
"  Hoogeschool "  was  established  at  Leuven  in  1426  (discontinued  in  1792), 
while  that  of  Leiden  dates  back  to  1575,  and  Utrecht  to  1636.  After  the  publi- 
cation of  the  pharmacopoeias  of  London  (1618,  1627),  Augsburg  (1622),  and 
Cologne  (1628)  Nicolaus  Fontanus,  physician  at  Amsterdam,  published  "  Insti- 
tutiones  pharmaceuticae  "  in  1633.  and  two  years  later  Dr.  Nicolaas  Tulp,  of  the 
same  city,  associated  with  a  number  of  other  physicians,  undertook  the  prepara- 
tion of  a  pharmacopoeia,  which  received  the  official  sanction  of  the  Senate  of 
Amsterdam  and  appeared  in  1636  under  the  title  "  Pharmacopcea  Amstelreda- 
