AmDe0cU!*i£farm,l  Abstracts  from  the  French  Journals.  $97 
soon  as  an  evolution  of  oxygen  begins  the  mixture  is  thrown  into  a 
large  amount  of  water.  The  precipitate  is  washed  by  decantation, 
and  then  dried  over  sulphuric  acid.  On  heating  this  body  detona- 
tion takes  place,  a  mixture  of  barium  chromate  and  baryta  remain- 
ing behind  ;  water  has  no  action  on  the  body  ;  sulphuric  acid  causes 
a  rapidly  disappearing  blue  color.  The  composition  of  the  body 
is  possibly  BaCr05  +  y1^  Ba02. 
Oil  of  lemon. — V.  Olivieri  (Gazz.  chim.,  xvi,  31 8)  found  in  oil 
of  lemon  besides  the  limonene  (  Wallach),  also  another  terpene  C10H16 
boiling  at  170-170  50  C.  (338-339°F.),  the  tetrabromide  of  which 
fuses  at  3 1  °C.  (88°F.),but  the  dihydro-chloride  showing  the  character- 
istics of  limonene.  From  the  higher  boiling  portions  the  author  has 
furthermore  isolated  a  sesquiterpene  C15H24  boiling  at  240-242°C. 
(464—468^.),  which  increases  in  quantity  with  the  age  of  the  oil. 
For  detecting  adulteration  with  turpentine  the  author  recommends 
the  use  of  the  polarimeter.  Lemon  oil  is  laevogyre  (a)D= —  550 
while  oils  of  turpentine  are  more  or  less  dextrogyre.  (French  oil  of 
turpentine  is  laevogyre). 
Volemite. — M.  Bourquelot  (Rep.  de  Pharm.,  1891,  338)  isolated 
from  Lactarius  volemus,  a  fungus,  a  saccharine  body  to  which  he 
has  given  the  name  of  volemite.  He  extracted  the  fungus  with  90 
per  cent,  alcohol  recovered  the  alcohol,  and  treated  the  residue  with 
95  per  cent,  alcohol.  Volemite  crystallizes  in  colorless  needles 
which  are  radially  arranged,  fuses  at  I40°C.  (284°F.)  and  is  more 
soluble  in  water  and  alcohol  than  mannite.  It  possesses  no  reducing 
power,  does  not  ferment,  is  not  altered  by  dilute  sulphuric  acid,  and 
does  not  yield  an  osazone.    Its  rotatory  power  is  «D=-|-2'4°. 
Helixin. — G.  Joulin  (Jour,  de  Pharm.  et  de  Chim.,  1891,  H,  p.  20)^ 
has  isolated  the  glucoside  helixin  from  the  ordinary  ivy,  Hedera 
Helix.  The  leaves  and  stems  of  the  ivy  in  the  form  of  a  very  coarse 
powder  are  boiled  with  water,  the  decoction  filtered  and  then  treated 
with  lead  acetate.  The  precipitate  is  collected  on  a  filter,  washed 
with  cold  distilled  water  and  decomposed  with  sulphuretted  hydro- 
gen. The  resulting  liquid  is  filtered  and  evaporated  on  a  water 
bath  to  the  consistency  of  an  extract  and  this  taken  up  with  85  per 
cent,  alcohol.  The  alcoholic  solution  on  spontaneous  evaporation 
leaves  helixin,  a  reddish  yellow  syrupy  mass,  possessing  an  astrin- 
gent slightly  bitter  taste.    It  is  acid  to  test  paper,  without  action 
