254  Pharmaceutical  Colleges  and  Associations.  { 
Am.  Jour.  Pharm 
May,  1890. 
(3)  To  percolate  4  oz.  of  ground  glycyrrhiza  with  a  mixture  of  one  fluid  ounce 
of  water  of  ammonia  and  one  pint  of  water. 
The  examination  of  the  senior  students  commenced  March  29  and  termi- 
nated April  3.    The  questions  in  the  different  branches  were  as  follows  : 
MATERIA  MEDICA  AND  BOTANY. 
A — Gentian  Root— Give  the  botanical  name  of  the  plant  audits  habitat. 
Describe  the  drug,  including  its  structural  characteristics.  Name,  and  briefly 
characterize  the  important  principles  of  the  drug.  What  effect  will  be  pro- 
duced upon  the  tincture  or  cooled  decoction  of  gentian,  a  by  ferric  chloride 
and  b  by  solution  of  iodine  ?  Explain  the  reactions  produced  by  the  reagents 
just  named.  What  other  drugs  are  obtained  from  the  order  of  Gentianacese  ? 
Name  the  characteristic  principles  present  in  these  drugs. 
B—Jalapa  —  Qive  the  botanical  name  and  the  habitat  of  the  plant.  Describe 
the  drug  and  explain  its  structure.  Name  its  constituents,  and  give  the  per- 
centage of  the  most  active  medicinal  principle.  What  effect  have  simple  sol- 
vents upon  this  principle?  Explain  its  behavior  to  alkalies.  What  is  the 
medicinal  dose  of  jalap  and  of  resin  of  jalap  ?  In  which  of  its  chemical  proper- 
ties does  resin  of  scammouy  resemble  resin  of  jalap,  and  how  may  the  two  be 
distinguished  ? 
C — Bittersweet — &fame  the  plant,  its  habitat  and  the  part  officinal.  At  what 
season  should  the  drug  be  collected  ?  Give  a  description  of  the  drug  and  of  its 
structure.  Name  the  important  proximate  principles  of  bittersweet,  and  state 
the  medical  properties  and  dose  of  the  drug.  Name  two  officinal  alkaloids  or 
alkaloidal  salts  procured  from  the  same  natural  order  to  which  the  bittersweet 
plant  belongs.  State  the  reaction  by  which  these  alkaloids  may  be  best  distin- 
guished. 
D — Prickly  Ash — Name  the  plants  from  which  this  bark  is  procured  ;  also 
their  habitat,  and  the  natural  order  to  which  the  plants  belong.  Describe 
the  bark,  including  it  structure.  By  what  characteristics  may  the  two  princi- 
pal commercial  varieties  of  prickly  ash  bark  be  distinguished  ?  What  other 
bark  has  been  confounded  with  prickly  ash,  and  how  does  it  differ  from  the 
officinal  bark  ?  Name  the  important  proximate  principles  of  prickly  ash,  and 
state  its  medical  properties  and. dose.  Name  other  drugs  obtained  from  the 
same  natural  order. 
E — Senna  Leaves — Give  some  of  the  botanical  characteristics  of  the  section 
Senna,  genus  Cassia.  Point  out  from  which  of  these  characters  the  plant 
yielding  the  so-called  American  senna  differs.  Name  the  commercial  varieties 
of  officinal  senna.  Give  for  each  variety  the  botanical  name  of  the  plant  yield- 
ing it.  Describe  the  characteristics  of  the  commercial  varieties  of  senna,  and 
give  for  each  variety  the  admixtures  or  adulterations  sometimes  met  with,  and 
the  characters  by  which  these  may  be  recognized.  Name,  and  briefly  charac- 
terize the  more  important  proximate  principles  of  Senna.  What  effect  upon 
Senna  leaves  has  each  of  the  following  solvents  :  Alcohol,  diluted  alcohol 
and  boiling  water  ? 
— Labiates — Give  the  botanical  names  of  the  plants  of  the  order  of  Eabiatse 
yielding  officinal  herbs,  leaves  or  flowers.  State  in  each  case  which  part  is 
directed  by  the  Pharmacopoeia  ?  Its  medical  properties,  and  dose,  and  whether 
the  medical  properties  reside  mainly  in  volatile  oil  or  in  bitter  principle.  Give 
