.Am.  Jour.  Pharm.  i 
June,  1890.  j" 
Turpentine. 
287 
as  artificial  camphor,  is  then  usually  obtained  in  three  or  four  hours  ; 
another  compound  remains  oily  and  is  dark  colored. 
It  is  thought,  of  recent  years,  that  the  commercial  oil  of  turpen- 
tine, is  much  adulterated  with  petroleum. 
In  order  to  determine  how  far  this  is  the  case,  I  obtained  eight 
samples  from  the  market  in  Philadelphia  and  three  from  manufac- 
turers in  Georgia  to  all  of  which  the  following  tests  were  applied. 
The  rotary  power  was  determined  in  a  200  mm.  tube,  and  all  were 
found  to  rotate  the  ray  of  polarized  light  to  the  right  before  and 
after  rectifying  by  distillation. 
The  specific  gravity  was  taken  at  150  C,  before  and  after  distilla- 
tion. The  temperature  was  carefully  noted  at  the  beginning  of  the 
boiling,  and  in  the  following  table  the  last  two  columns  give  also  the 
temperature  at  which  most  of  the  oil  came  over,  and  the  temperature 
reached  at  the  end  of  the  distillation  : 
Samples. 
Rotation 
Specific 
Gravity. 
Boiling  Point. 
before 
after 
before 
after 
bi)  . 
.2 
'So 
m 
Most  oil. 
Distillation. 
Distillation. 
15-40 
18-39 
•863 
•860 
I56°C. 
i64°C. 
i68°C. 
22-51 
23-80 
•850 
•851 
158 
161 
167 
->          < ' 
2*60 
3-90 
•856 
•853 
156 
160 
166 
4          "           .  .  .  . 
14-45 
15-10 
•864 
•860 
158 
161 
168 
5          "           .  .  •  • 
36-64 
38-62 
•873 
•868 
158 
160 
170 
6          "  .... 
21-82 
22-55 
•860 
•858 
155 
161 
165 
7  - 
16-42 
17-40 
•856 
•852 
159 
162 
170 
8          "           .  .  .  . 
25-52 
26-40 
•860 
•858 
158 
161 
168 
9  From  manufacturer, 
May, 
1889,  
9-45 
10-50 
•876 
•873 
156 
161 
165 
10  From  manufacturer, 
June, 
1889,  
3-85 
3-90 
•870 
•868 
157 
161 
166 
11  From  manufacturer, 
Sep- 
l6'20 
16-80 
•867 
•865 
157 
161 
167 
12  Own  distillation  from  oleo- 
resin,  ...... 
ii*8o 
•869 
According  to  Allen  (Organic  Analysis,  ii,  p.  439),  the  following 
test  is  of  value  in  the  detection  of  petroleum:  Three  volumes  of 
turpentine  oil  with  one  volume  of  castor  oil  will  produce  a  homo- 
geneous mixture,  while  with  petroleum  the  liquid  separates  into 
two  layers  nearly  equal  in  volume.    On  trying  a  mixture  made  o\ 
