AFebJrrrVP?9ao3m-}        The  Story  of  a  Drug  Store.  59 
It  would  appear  that  the  business  was  profitable,  for  his  descen- 
dant has  Christopher  Marshall's  inventory  of  his  possessions,  show- 
ing real  estate,  ground  rents  and  other  evidences  of  wealth.  I 
find  from  the  oldest  city  directory  attainable,  that  there  were,  in 
1785,  twenty  apothecaries  in  the  town.  They  appear  to  have 
almost  all  been  located  on  Market  and  Second  Streets,  east  of 
Fourth  Street.  Townsend  Speakman's  store  was  next  to  the  corner 
of  Market  and  Second  Streets.  The  Marshalls  alone  were  on  Chest- 
nut Street,  and  I  cannot  call  to  mind  any  one  of  the  same  name  or 
any  successor,  except  the  Marshalls,  or  perhaps  the  Wetherills  (who 
are  not  down  in  the  directory  as  druggists),  who  were  in  business 
when  I  entered  as  apprentice  in  1844.  In  the  period  from  1 775  to 
1785  the  population  of  Philadelphia  had  increased  to  40,000. 
The  sons  of  Christopher  Marshall  carried  on  the  business  until 
1804,  Charles  having  retired  as  an  active  member  in  1801,  and  it 
would  seem  that  they  did  not  confine  their  energies  to  the  "  shop," 
for  we  are  informed  that  they  were  in  exports  and  imports,  and 
were  interested  in  iron  furnaces  at  Deep  Creek,  and  in  Nanticoke 
forces,  situated  in  Sussex,  Worcester  and  Dorchester  Counties, 
Maryland.  A  newspaper  of  the  period  informs  the  town  that  a 
choice  assortment  of  fresh  teas  had  been  added  to  the  stock. 
Charles  Marshall  was  born  5th  Mo.,  8th,  1744,  and  received  his 
pharmaceutical  education  in  his  father's  establishment.  He  was 
well  educated,  before  his  apprenticeship,  in  the  branches  then  taught, 
including  Latin  and  Greek,  and  was  possessed  of  a  fine  literary 
taste. 
A  few  years  after  his  retirement  from  active  business  the  estab- 
lishment with  which  his  name  had  been  associated  for  many  years 
loaned  the  endorsement  of  the  firm  to  a  large  amount,  and  involved 
all  connected  with  it  in  bankruptcy.  The  silent  partner,  who  was 
then  in  advanced  life,  was  entirely  ignorant  of  these  proceedings ; 
but  he  met  the  shock  with  fortitude,  and  without  hesitation  gave  up 
all  his  property  for  the  benefit  of  his  creditors,  and  changed  his 
manner  of  living.  It  was  at  this  juncture  that  his  daughter  Eliza- 
beth came  to  the  rescue  of  the  family  and  assumed  the  charge  of 
the  business. 
When  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  assumed  to  issue  diplomas 
to  practitioners  of  pharmacy,  and  to  prescribe  the  conditions  of  the 
grant,  the  pharmacists  of  Philadelphia  felt  it  to  be  an  infraction  of 
