Am,MaU/:i9oh3arm'}        Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy.  241 
child  six  years  old,  suffering  from  mild  indigestion  and  diarrhoea  caused  by 
eating  unripe  fruit.  (2)  One  for  an  old  lady  requiring  a  tonic,  containing  Qui- 
nine, Iron  Phosphate  and  Elixir  of  Orange  (teaspoonful  dose,  8-ounce  mix- 
ture). (3)  One  metric  prescription  for  a  man  thirty  years  old,  requiring  a 
suppository  containing  Extract  of  Stramonium,  Goulard's  Extract  and  Creo- 
sote (twelve  suppositories). 
Write  labels  for  the  prescriptions  above,  and  also  for  the  following  :  Upon 
labels  for  Nos.  4,  5,  6,  7  and  8  (see  below),  write  brief  directions  for  use,  for 
the  pills,  ointment,  drops,  tablet  triturates  and  emulsion. 
(4)  One  for  a  simple  ointment,  ^-ounce,  to  apply  for  a  slight  eruption  on 
the  face,  due  to  sunburn.  (5)  One  for  drops  for  inflamed  eyes,  1  fluid-ounce 
solution.  (7)  One  for  twelve  tablet  triturates,  in  screw-cap  vial,  for  headache 
due  to  over-study.  (8)  One  for  a  pint  bottle  containing  Cod-L,iver  Oil.  (9) 
Fill  in  the  address  tag  for  one  of  the  patients,  using  any  name  or  address.  (10) 
Fill  in  the  check-blanks  in  lower  left-hand  corner,  for  one  of  the  patients. 
CHEMISTRY. 
A — ( 1)  State  the  chemical  distinction  between  an  aldehyd  and  a  ketone,  and 
illustrate  by  an  example  showing  the  derivation  of  each.  (2)  What  are  the  dis- 
tinguishing reactions  of  each  class?  (3)  Mention  important  pharmaceutical 
compounds  that  belong  to  each  of  these  classes.  (4)  Mention  important  phar- 
maceutical compounds  that  are  formed  as  the  result  of  reactions  in  which  one 
or  the  other  of  these  classes  is  concerned. 
B—(\)  State  the  natural  sources  of  Tartaric  Acid  and  Citric  Acid  respect- 
ively, and  how  they  are  prepared  from  these  sources.  (2)  Give  tests,  both 
physical  and  chemical,  by  which  these  acids  can  be  distinguished  from  each 
other.  (3)  Give  the  chemical  formulas  and  names  of  the  official  tartrates  and 
of  the  official  citrates. 
C — fi)  What  is  an  enzyme?  Give  examples  of  enzymes  important  for  phar- 
maceutical processes.  (2)  What  are  the  conditions  needed  for  the  activity  of 
enzymes,  and  under  what  conditions  is  their  activity  arrested?  (3)  State  the 
important  classes  of  organic  ferments.  (4)  Write  the  reactions  for  the  alco- 
holic, lactic,  butyric  and  acetic  fermentations  respectively.  (5)  State  the  con- 
ditions under  which  each  of  these  fermentations  takes  place  most  readily. 
D — (1)  State  the  distinction  between  a  phenol,  a  phenolate,  a  phenol-ester,  a 
phenol-sulphonate  and  a  phenol-acid,  and  give  illustrations  belonging  to  each 
class.  (2)  Write  the  structural  formulas  of  the  several  diatomic  phenols  and 
name  them.  (3)  How  can  common  phenol  be  made  synthetically,  and  from 
what  sources?    (4)  What  are  the  pharmacopceial  tests  for  common  phenol  ? 
E — (1)  Describe  Salicylic  Acid,  and  give  the  official  tests  for  the  same.  (2) 
How  is  Salicylic  Acid  made  synthetically  ?  Write  the  reaction.  (3)  Write  the 
formulas  of  the  normal  and  basic  sodium  salicylates.  (4)  Give  the  names  and 
write  the  formulas  of  two  official  esters  of  Salicylic  Acid. 
F—{t)  What  is  a  terpene,  and  by  what  reactions  and  tests  can  a  terpene  be 
identified?  (2)  What  other  constituents  occur  in  essential  oils  besides  ter- 
penes?  Illustrate  by  examples  of  official  oils.  (3)  Mention  important  essen- 
tial oil  constituents  of  the  phenol  class;  of  the  ester  class;  of  the  aldehyd  class; 
of  the  alcohol  class.  (4)  Mention  essential  oils  or  constituents  of  the  same 
that  are  used  in  the  manufacture  of  perfumes  and  flavoring  extracts. 
