EpinepJirin  and  its  Compounds.  3 1 1 
Analytical  data : 
0*2508  gramme  substance  gave  0*5390  gramme  C02,  and  0*1545  gramme  H20; 
that  is,  C  =  58*61  per  cent,  and  H  =  6*84  per  cent. 
0*3633  gramme  substance  required  7*59  c.c.  of  sulphuric  acid,  1  c.c.  of  which 
corresponded  to  0*003392  gramme  N,  for  the  neutralization  of  the  obtained 
ammonia  (Kjeldahl-Gunning) ;  therefore,  N  =  7*08  per  cent. 
0-2025  gramme  substance  gave  0*4356  gramme  C02  and  0*1234  gramme  H20; 
that  is,  C  =  58*67  per  cent,  and  H  =  6*77  per  cent. 
The  above  analytical  data  have  been  fully  substantiated  by  my 
latest  work.  A  much  simpler  and  cheaper  method  than  the  zinc- 
ammonia  process,  one  which  gives  an  extraordinarily  large  yield  of 
our  substance  in  a  pure  form  is  the  following.  For  convenience  I 
shall  speak  of  it  as  the  trichloracetic  acid  method.  It  may  best  be 
described  by  taking  an  actual  example  from  my  notebooks: 
For  example,  11-13  kilogrammes  of  beeves'  glands,  weighed 
after  being  freed  of  adherent  fat  and  tissue,  were  finely  minced  and 
the  mass  divided  among  a  number  of  2  j£ -litre  flasks,  so  that  they 
were  about  half  filled.  Five  litres  of  absolute  alcohol,  containing 
175  grammes  of  trichloracetic  acid,  was  now  equally  divided  among 
the  flasks,  added  in  very  small  quantities  at  a  time  with  vigorous 
shaking. 
Great  care  must  be  taken  in  this  operation  in  order  that  the 
acidulated  alcohol  may  well  penetrate  the  tissues  and  mix  with 
their  water  instead  of  merely  coagulating  and  hardening  the  indi- 
vidual particles.  This  mixture  is  allowed  to  stand  over  night  and 
then  subjected  to  filtration  under  pressure.  To  the  almost  colorless 
filtrate  more  absolute  alcohol  may  be  added  until  no  further  pre- 
cipitation occurs.  Later  work  has  shown  that  this  is  an  unnecessary 
step  in  the  process.  I  now  proceed  directly  to  the  evaporation 
under  diminished  pressure  of  the  first  alcoholic  filtrate.  The  5  or  6 
litres  thus  obtained  are  concentrated  to  a  volume  of  380  c.c.  This 
small  volume  contains  a  flocculent  precipitate  which  is  removed  by 
filtration  under  pressure.  To  the  clear  filtrate  it  is  only  necessary 
to  add  ammonia  of  specific  gravity  0*944,  stirring  gradually,  when 
a  veritable  rain  of  crystals  is  seen  falling  to  the  bottom  of  the 
beaker.  • 
As  soon  as  the  solution  smells  permanently  of  ammonia,  the  pre- 
cipitation will  be  found  to  be  complete  and  no  further  crystals  are 
obtained. 
Am.  j our.  ^hartu. 
July.  1903. 
