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GLEANINGS  FROM  GERMAN  JOURNALS.  331 
the  smallest  portion  of  resin,  but  mostly  of  the  meal  of  leguminous 
seeds  ;  once  also  mixed  with  crushed  peas. — (N.  Jahrb.  d.  Ph. 
xvi.  83,  84.) 
A  new  Volatile  Acid  in  Hops  has  been  discovered  by  Dr.  F. 
L.  Winkler.  Lupulin  is  distilled  with  water  acidulated  with 
sulphuric  acid ;  the  distillate  is  moderately  heated  with  pure 
carbonate  of  lime,  and  the  filtrate  evaporated.  The  lime  salt 
is  of  a  gummy  appearance,  and  possesses  the  strong  odor  of 
hops,  like  the  other  salts  of  the  same  acid,  which  resembles 
valerianic  acid.   The  author  is  now  investigating  it  (N.  Jahrb. 
d.  Ph.  xvi.  134.) 
The  quantity  of  Iodine  in  Cod  Liver  Oil  was  estimated  by 
S.  Neininger,  by  saponifying  the  oil  with  caustic  soda,  incine- 
rating the  soap,*  exhausting  the  ashes  with  alcohol,  distilling 
and  precipitating  with  nitrate  of  palladium.  500  grm.  oil  yielded 
•396  Pd.  I=.278  I=-0556per  ct.--(N.  Jahrb.  d.  Ph.  xvi.  134.) 
Hemine. — E.  Scriba,  who  experimented  with  Professor  Dr. 
Simon  in  preparing  hemine'  crystals  from  recent  and  forty 
years'  old  blood  spots,  recommends  novices  to  experiment  first 
with  recent  blood  spots  before  undertaking  a  forensic  detection 
of  blood.  The  preparation  treated  wrong  will  never  yield 
crystals.    He  observes  : 
1.  Very  old  blood  spots  will  yield  hemine  crystals  as  long 
as  any  coloring  matter  of  blood  remains. 
2.  Spots  which  do  not  yield  their  coloring  matter  to  water, 
are  best  dissolved  by  boiling  with  glacial  acetic  acid ;  cold 
maceration  of  the  dried  blood  may  be  even  sufficient  and 
preferable  in  such  cases  where  other  substances  may  be  dis- 
solved by  boiling  acetic  acid. 
3.  The  cold  aqueous  maceration  must  not  be  omitted  where 
acetic  acid  might  dissolve  other  coloring  matters  or  compounds  ; 
if  possible,  both  solutions  ought  to  be  made  and  examined,  as 
one  may  corroborate  or  complete  the  other. 
4.  The  extract  with  acetic  acid  ought  to  be  made  at  once,  as 
*  It  is  to  be  presumed  that  the  soap,  together  with  the  mother  liquor, 
was  incinerated,  as  the  latter  would  contain  much  of  the  iodine. 
