328  Fifth  Revision  German  Pharmacopoeia.  { ^'"'j'f,*Jy''\fn"'°" 
flowers,  roots,  rhizomes,  etc.,  appear  together,  is  retained,  and  in 
each  drug  the  title  indicates  the  part  of  the  plant  official.  A  few 
changes  in  titles  are  specially  noticeable.  Folia  Hyoscyami  replaces 
Herba  Hyoscyami  and  Rhizoma  Rhei,  the  former  Radix  Rhei; 
Formaldehydum  solutum  is  changed  to  F'ormaldehyd  solutus,  and 
Paraldehyd  now  appears  in  place  of  "  Paraldehydnm."  A  note- 
worthy change  in  title  as  well  as  in  composition  is  Lanolinum,  which 
now  becomes  a  mixture  of  wool  fat  15,  water  5,  and  liquid  paraffin 
3  parts,  with  "  water  containing  wool  fat  "  as  the  synonym  and 
the  old  title  Adeps  Lanae  cum  Aqua,  for  a  mixture  of  wool  fat  75 
and  water  25,  is  dismissed.  The  Unguentum  Adipis  Lanse  is  also 
dismissed,  the  evident  intent  being  that  the  new  Lanolin  shall  serve 
for  both  of  these  old  formulas. 
The  German  Pharmacopoeia  recognizes  the  fact  that  the  com- 
mercial chemicals  sold  for  many  purposes  are  legitimate  subjects 
for  its  consideration  and  standardizing.  We  find  such  articles  as 
crude  sulphuric  acid,  crude  copper  sulphate,  crude  iron  sulphate, 
crude  potassium  carbonate,  and  crude  zinc  oxide  treated  in  suitable 
monographs. 
Nor  in  the  consideration  of  vegetable  drugs  does  the  German 
Pharmacopoeia  restrict  its  standards  to  the  ingredients  of  physi- 
cians' prescriptions.  It  recognizes  the  necessity  for  proper  definition 
for  such  common  drugs  as  lavender  flowers,  chamomile,  elder  blos- 
soms, mullein,  coltsfoot,  walnut  leaves,  sage  and  foenugreek  which, 
while  only  occasionally  dispensed  on  physicians'  prescriptions,  are 
largely  used  in  domestic  practice  and  become  not  an  inconsiderable 
portion  of  the  dealings  of  the  druggist. 
The  International  List  of  Atomic  weights  for  1910  is  adopted  as 
the  basis  for  the  chemical  formulas,  molecular  weights,  and  the 
analytical  calculations.  This  is  the  first  revision  of  the  German 
Pharmacopoeia  in  which  chemical  formulas  are  given.  Empirical 
formulas  are  tabooed  and  throughout  structural  formulas  are  used. 
While  in  many  places  simple  structural  formulas,  like  those  of  the 
U.S. P.  VIII,  are  given,  in  others  more  elaborate  formulas  are  pre- 
sented. This  is  shown  in  the  extreme  in  Theophyllin  or  Theocin 
where  a  modified  graphic  structural  formula  is  given  and  a  definition 
is  omitted.  This  laxity  of  official  definition  is  shown  in  a  number 
of  the  monographs  especially  those  describing  organic  chemicals 
and  alkaloids. 
The  introduction  of  formulas  and  processes  for  the  manufacture 
