384 
Harvey  Washing^ton  Wiley. 
(  Am.  Jour.  Pbarm 
X     August,  1911. 
products.  This  law  became  effective  July  i,  1903.  The  act  author- 
izing this  work  reads  as  follows : 
"  To  investigate  the  adulteration,  false  labelling,  or  false  branding  of 
foods,  drugs,  beverages,  condiments,  and  ingredients  of  such  articles,  when 
deemed  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  advisable,  and  report  the  result  in 
the  bulletins  of  the  Department;  and  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  when- 
ever he  has  reason  to  believe  that  such  articles  are  being  imported  from 
foreign  countries  which  are  dangerous  to  the  health  of  the  people  of  the 
United  States,  or  which  shall  be  falsely  labelled  or  branded,  either  as  to  their 
contents  or  as  to  the  place  of  their  manufacture  or  production,  shall  make  a 
request  upon  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  for  samples  from  original 
packages  of  such  articles  for  inspection  and  analysis,  and  the  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury  is  hereby  authorized  to  open  such  original  packages  and 
deliver  specimens  to  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  for  the  purpose  mentioned, 
giving  notice  to  the  owner  or  consignee  of  such  articles,  who  may  be  present 
and  have  the  right  to  introduce  testimony ;  and  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
shall  refuse  delivery  to  the  consignee  of  any  such  goods  which  the  Secretary 
of  Agriculture  reports  to  him  have  been  inspected  and  analyzed  and  found 
to  be  dangerous  to  health  or  falsely  labelled  or  branded,  either  as  to  their 
contents  or  as  to  the  place  of  their  manufacture  or  production,  or  which 
are  forbidden  entry  or  to  be  sold,  or  are  restricted  in  sale  in  the  countries 
in  which  they  are  made  or  from  which  they  are  exported  "  (Sec- 
tion of  Appropriation  Act  of  March  3,  1905.) 
The  same  act  provides  for  an  investigation  of  food  preservatives 
in  the  following  language : 
"  To  enable  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  to  investigate  the  character 
of  proposed  preservatives  and  coloring  matters,  to  determine  their  relation 
to  digestion  and  to  health,  and  to  establish  the  principles  which  should  guide 
their  use."  'I 
The  results  of  the  work  were  so  satisfactory  that  laboratories 
were  established  in  New  York,  San  Francisco,  Boston,  Philadelphia, 
Chicago  and  New  Orleans. 
The  Federal  Food  and  Drugs  Act  was  passed  on  June  30,  1906, 
and  became  effective  January  i,  1907.  The  enforcement  of  this  law 
was  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry.  Dr.  Wiley 
was  one  of  the  three  members  of  the  special  committee  appointed  to 
draw  up  regulations  for  the  enforcement  of  the  act.  These  regu- 
lations with  minor  changes  in  a  few  instances  are  still  in  force. 
Under  this  act  the  port  laboratories  referred  to  above  remained  in 
force,  and  numerous  others  were  provided  for  at  various  ports  of 
entry,  as,  for  example,  Savannah,  Seattle,  St.  Louis,  Detroit,  etc. 
Thousands  of  foods  and  drugs  have  been  examined  under  this  act 
