LOFODEN  NORWEGIAN  COD-LIVER  OIL. 
155 
this  manner  will  cost  from  eight  to  nine  shillings  per  gallon. 
It  is  never  originally  brown,  but  is  liable  by  lying  long  in 
wooden  casks  to  acquire  a  little  more  color. 
The  annual  produce  of  cod-liver  oil  by  the  Lofoden  fisheries 
is  estimated  at  25,000  barrels,  each  containing  from  24  to  28 
English  gallons,  and  that  of  all  the  other  fisheries  on  the  coast 
of  Norway  at  about  35,000  barrels  more,  making  a  total  of 
60,000  barrels.  During  the  last  two  years,  prices  have  not  been 
sufficiently  remunerative  to  encourage  the  preparation  of  the 
fine  oil  on  a  large  scale ;  only  two  manufacturers  at  Lofoden 
have  done  so,  and  one  of  these,  according  to  the  chief  of  the 
surveillance,  made  only  ten  barrels  this  year. 
The  prices  formerly  obtained  by  the  fishermen  at  Lofoden  for 
their  livers  were  from  six  to  seven  specie-dollars  per  barrel, 
equal  to  27s.  to  31s.  6d.  English  ;  now  they  are  from  nine  to 
ten  specie-dollars,  equal  to  40s.  6d.  to  45s.  English. 
Such  is  the  information  supplied  to  us  from  Norwray ;  for 
our  convenience  it  may  be  briefly  grouped  as  follows,  under 
five  heads  : — 
1.  Genuine  Lofoden  oil  is  true  cod-liver  oil  made  from  the 
Gradus  morrhua. 
2.  The  light  yellow  oil  is  not  inferior  to  the  light  brown  oil. 
3.  Oil  sold  at  Bergen  is  not  necessarily  Lofoden  oil,  or  even 
pure  cod-liver  oil,  although  so  called. 
4.  The  relative  absence  of  color,  odor,  and  taste  are  guaran- 
tees that  the  process  of  separation  has  been  properly  conducted 
at  a  low  temperature. 
5.  The  annual  supply  of  new  cod-liver  oil  from  Norway 
may  be  expected  in  the  European  markets  during  the  month 
of  July. 
Cod-fish  abound  only  in  the  cold  and  temperate  seas  of  the 
northern  hemisphere ;  they  are  found  on  all  the  coasts  of  north 
Europe,  and  upon  the  shores  of  the  British  Islands  ;  it  is  proba- 
ble they  do  not  proceed  much  further  in  a  southerly  direction. 
One  or  two  rare  species  have  been  noticed  in  the  Mediteranean, 
but  none  have  ever  yet  been  described  as  inhabiting  the  great 
Pacific  Ocean  or  the  seas  of  India  or  the  East.  Their  habitat 
is  thus  reduced  to  recognizable  limits. 
