ON  CHLOROFORM. 
295 
620  lbs.  chlorinated  lime  of  30-86  per  ct.  =  191-3  lbs.  active 
chlorine,  300  galls,  water,  and  13*5  galls.  95  per  ct.  alcohol ; 
temperature  86°  F.,  in  15  minutes  90°,  22  min.  110°,  30  min. 
120°,  40  min.  130°,  44  min.  134°  (injected  steam  turned  off),  76 
min.  144°,  100  min.  150°,  104  min.  153°  (chloroform  commenced 
to  distil  slowly,  by  drops),  116  min.  160°,  130  min.  170°,  142 
min.  180°,  151  min.  190°,  and  the  distillation  slackening,  steam 
was  gradually  injected ;  distillation  finished  in  190  minutes. 
Result:  crude  chloroform,  washed  once,  45*5  lb.  =  23*78  per  ct. 
of  the  chlorine  employed. 
650  lbs.  chlorinated  lime  of  30-86  per  ct.  =  200-6  lbs.  chlorine; 
310  galls,  water,  17  galls.  95  per  ct.  alcohol ;  temperature  76° 
F.,  in  22  min.  90°,  27  min.  100°,  32  min.  110°,  38  min.  120°, 
51  min.  130°,  59  min.  140°  (injected  steam  off),  71  min.  150°, 
80  min.  160°,  89  min.  170°,  97  min.  180°,  102  min.  190°,  110 
min.  200°  ;  steam  was  now  injected  to  boil  the  residue ;  distilla- 
tion finished  in  165  minutes.  The  chloroform  was  inadvertently 
mixed  with  that  of  the  next  charge,  which  consisted  of — 
750  lbs.  chlorinated  lime  of  17*7  per  ct.  =  132*75  lbs.  chlorine, 
330  galls,  water,  llf  galls.  95  per  ct.  alcohol ;  temperature  90° 
F.,  in  16  min.  110°,  20  min.  120°,  23  min.  130°  (injected 
steam  off),  28  min.  140°,  36  min.  150°,  45  min.  160°,  54  min. 
170°,  62  min.  180°,  69  min.  190°,  78  min.  200°  ;  distillation 
finished  in  120  minutes.  Result  of  the  two  distillations  :  crude 
chloroform  washed  once,  74.5  lbs.  =  19*35  per  cent,  of  the  chlo- 
rine employed. 
800  lbs.  chlorinated  lime  of  36  per  ct.  =  288  lbs.  chlorine, 
275  galls,  water,  19  galls.  95  per  ct.  alcohol ;  temperature  92°  F., 
in  12  min.  100°,  15J  min.  110°  (injected  steam  off),  23  min.  ■ 
120°,  32  min.  130°,  42J  min.  140°  (steam  shut  off  from  upright 
pipes),  65  min.  162°,  76  min.  180°.  The  mixture  in  the  still 
had  risen  so  rapidly  that  it  was  at  this  point  forced  over  into  the 
receiver ;  all  attention  was  necessary  to  save  the  distilled 
chloroform,  and  prevent  an  explosion  of  the  apparatus.  Result: 
crude  chloroform  washed  once,  61*5  lbs.  =  21*3  per  cent,  of  the 
chlorine  employed. 
These  few  cases  indicate  the  loss  and  danger  sustained  by  too 
rapid  heating  of  the  mixture.    The  time  required  for  running 
