AjanJu°aU^:  Si 5™" }   Development  of  the  Sugar  Industry.  n 
this- year's  lecture,  it  occurred  to  me  that  a  short  account  of  the 
development  of  the  sugar  industry  would  be  of  interest.  The  his- 
torical study  of  a  subject  is  usually  most  instructive;  it  fixes  in  our 
minds  the  progress  of  the  past  and  enables  us  to>  forecast  the  possibili- 
ties of  the  future. 
Sugar  is  derived,  at  present,  principally  from  two  plants,  the 
sugar  cane  and  the  sugar  beet.  The  production  of  sugar  from  the 
maple,  palm,  and  other  minor  sources,  is  of  comparative  insignifi- 
cance and  will  not  be  touched  upon.  For  the  year  19 12-19 13,  tne 
total  production  of  cane  and  beet  sugar  for  the  whole  world  was 
18,144,638  tons,  of  which  9,178,574  tons  was  cane  sugar  and  8,966,064 
tons  was  beet  sugar,  being  in  the  proportion  of  50.5  per  cent,  for  cane 
and  49.5  per  cent,  for  beet  sugar.  The  production  of  sugar  in  order  of 
importance,  for  the  ten  leading  countries  during  that  year,  was  as 
follows : 
Sugar  Production  of  the  World. 
Country.  Production  of  sugar,  tons. 
1.  Germany   2,700,913  (beet) 
2.  British  India   2,583,600  (cane) 
3.  Cuba   2,428,537  (cane) 
4.  Austria    1,901,615  (beet) 
5.  United  States  and  Colonies  ....  1,770,837  (1,146,773  cane) 
(  624,064  beet) 
6.  Russia   1,374,500  (beet) 
7.  Java   1,331,180  (cane) 
8.  France   960.900  (beet) 
9.  Holland   316,177  (beet) 
10.  Belgium   298,584  (beet) 
The  consumption  of  the  world's  output  of  sugar  in  the  ten  leading 
countries  during  the  same  year  was  as  follows : 
Sugar  Consumption  of  the  World. 
Country.  Gross  consumption,  tons.  ^pXpoSnd?" 
1.  United  States                      3,743,150  85.40 
2.  British  India                       3,225,ooo(?)  2.4o(?) 
3.  England                               1,966,690  95-52 
4.  Germany                              1,470,000  48.95 
5.  Russia                                i,454,7oo  24.33 
6.  France                                767,430  4341 
7.  Austria                                 653,300  28.12 
8.  Turkey                                  204,000  19.84 
9.  Italy                                       166,900  10.76 
10.  Spain                                     142,610  16.24 
