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Book  Reviews. 
fAni.  Jour.  Pharm. 
(  February,  1915. 
the  agriculturist,  the  engineer,  and  the  manufacturer.  Botany  as  an 
applied  and  economic  science  is  only  now  beginning  to  be  recognized, 
and  the  very  near  future  will  emphasize  the  commercial  importance 
and  economic  value  of  practically  applied  botany  in  the  manufacture, 
sale,  and  use  of  the  food  that  we  eat,  the  clothes  that  we  wear,  and 
the  nature  and  content  of  the  houses  in  which  we  live. 
It  goes  without  saying  that  plants  and  plant  products  enter  into 
our  everyday  life  to  such  an  extent  that  we  could  not  exist  without 
them,  and  it  is  self-evident,  therefore,  that  if  we  are  to  make  ma- 
terial progress  in  the  ways  of  benefiting  humankind  it  will  be  neces- 
sary to  bring  botanical  training  and  knowledge  to  bear  on  the  prob- 
lems involved  in  the  production  and  manufacture  of  plant  materials 
in  ways  not  hitherto  thought  of. 
Even  at  the  present  time  an  extended  knowledge  of  botany  and 
a  very  thorough  preparation  in  certain  phases  of  botanical  work  are 
required  to  assist  the  pharmacist,  the  chemist,  and  the  agriculturist 
to  meet  and  solve  the  many  problems  that  arise  in  their  everyday 
occupation,  and  the  author  of  the  book  before  us  very  properly  points 
out  that  many  of  the  present-day  problems  that  are  held  to  be  chem- 
ical, and  which  are  handed  to  the  chemist  for  solution,  are  in  reality 
of  a  botanical  character,  and  could  be  solved  more  promptly  and 
more  economically  by  a  properly-trained  botanist. 
This  text-book  on  applied  and  economic  botany  consists  of  a 
total  of  806  large  octavo  pages,  30  of  which  are  devoted  to  a  three- 
column  index,  including  some  6000  titles  and  more  than  7000  refer- 
ences. The  illustrations  are  in  many  respects  unique,  being  largely 
original  and  particularly  well  adapted  to  illustrate  the  material  in 
the  text. 
The  book  is  divided  into  seven  chapters.  The  more  important  of 
these  chapters  are  devoted  to  a  consideration  of:  (1)  Principal 
Groups  of  Plants;  (2)  Cell-contents  and  Forms  of  Cells;  (3)  Outer 
and  Inner  Morphology  of  the  Higher  Plants.  More  than  one-half  of 
the  book  is  devoted  to  the  discussion  of  Cell-contents,  Forms  of  .Cells, 
and  the  Outer  and  Inner  Morphology  of  the  Higher  Plants.  A  care- 
ful study  of  the  two  chapters  involved  should  serve  to  furnish  a 
well-balanced  fund  of  information  for  the  practical  worker  or 
student. 
The  remaining  chapters  of  the  book  are  devoted  to:  (4)  Botan- 
ical Nomenclature;  (5)  Classification  of  Angiosperms  Yielding 
Economic  Products;  (6)  Cultivation  of  Medicinal  Plants;  (7)  Mi- 
