Am.  Jour.  Pharm.  | 
March,  1915.  J 
The  Pineal  Gland.  125 
these  animals  was  discontinued,  only  the  pineal-fed  animals  were  m 
demand  as  pets,  and  those  choosing  them  did  so  without  any  knowl- 
edge as  to  the  differences  in  feeding.  Of  much  more  importance  as 
regards  increased  intelligence  are  the  favorable  results  reported  by 
Berkeley,11  who  administered  pineal  tissue  to  mentally  defective 
children  and  performed  Binet  tests  as  a  criterion  of  mental  advance- 
ment. \ 
Precocious  Sexual  Development. — A  group  of  forty-eight  guinea- 
pigs  was  divided  into  test  and  control  lots.  There  was  an  equal 
number  of  males  and  females  in  each  lot,  but  the  males  and  females 
were  separated.   The  test  pigs  were  fed  veal  pineal  tissue  in  10-mg. 
Fig.  2. — Effect  on  growth  of  feeding  pineal-gland  tissue  to  chicks.    The  larger  chick  was  fed 
10  mg.  pineal  tissue  three  times  weekly. 
amounts  daily.  Feeding  was  begun  when  the  animals  were  two 
weeks  old  and  continued  for  nine  weeks.  The  males  and  females  of 
each  group  were  then  placed  together  in  breeding-pens.  As  a  measure 
of  any  difference,  in  sexual  development  it  was  thought  desirable  to 
note  the  date  of  birth  of  young  in  the  two  lots.  As  the  end  of  the  ap- 
proximate gestation  period  approached,  these  animals  were  observed 
as  to  the  date  of  giving  birth  to  young.  All  except  two  of  the 
pineal-fed  pigs  gave  birth  to  young  before  the  first  of  the  controls.12 
11  Berkeley:  Med.  Rec,  New  York,  1914,  lxxxv,  85,  513. 
12  In  a  second  series  of  fifty  guinea-pigs  observed  as  to  sexual  differences, 
the  males  and  females  have  been  kept  together  from  birth.  Some  of  the 
females  to  whom  pineal  gland  tissue  has  been  fed  have  already  given  birth 
to  young  and  many  others  are  within  the  last  ten  days  of  gestation.  With 
the  exception  of  one  pig,  the  control  animals  evince  no  signs  of  pregnancy. 
