146  JEsculm  Pavia,  Lin.— Bed  Bucheye.  {k\*Timf"~ 
others,  consisting  of  a  small  rounded  blade  on  a  very  long  claw. 
Stigmas  7,  not  longer  than  the  corolla,  which  is  bright  red,  as  well 
as  the  tubular  calyx.  Ovary  1  to  3  celled,  generally  1  or  3,  with 
two  ovules  in  each  cell,  rarely  more  than  one  of  which  forms  a  seed. 
Seed  1  to  1J  inches  long,  f  to  1  inch  in  diameter,  smooth,  round  on 
one  side,  flat  or  angular  on  the  other  ;  dark  reddish  brown  testa  (dry) 
with  large  pale  scar.  Cotyledons  two,  very  thick  and  fleshy,  their 
contiguous  parts  more  or  less  united  ;  of  a  pale  greenish  color  with 
light  brown  resinous  spots  scattered  throughout.    Embryo  curved. 
Testa  no  odor ;  taste  astringent  and  slightly  bitter  ;  constitutes  17 
per  cent,  of  the  seed. 
Cotyledons  slightly  disagreeable  odor  ;  taste  amylaceous  and  slightly 
sweet  at  first,  then  bitter  and  acrid,  with  a  peculiar  and  lasting  dry- 
ing effect  in  the  fauces.  The  seeds  lose  25  per  cent,  of  weight  in 
drying. 
Testa. — 1.  Reduced  to  a  moderately  fine  powder  and  exhausted 
with  benzin,  the  testa  yielded  three  per  cent,  of  a  dark  reddish  brown 
resin,  pulverizable,  possessing  a  slight  terebinthinate  odor  and  taste. 
2.  The  residue  dried,  exhausted  with  alcohol  of  *835,  and  the  al- 
cohol distilled  off,  yielded  a  dark  red  extract-like  matter,  having  little 
odor,  but  a  very  astringent  taste ;  this  proved  to  be  tannic  acid  (green 
with  ferric  salts)  and  coloring  matter. 
3.  The  residue  was  dried  and  exhausted  with  cold  water,  the  in- 
fusion treated  with  lead  acetate,  precipitate  washed,  and  lead  removed 
by  SH2,  filtered  ;  filtrate  heated  to  drive  off  SH2,  and  filtered  to  sep- 
arate S  ;  concentrated  and  crystallized,  yield  a  minute  quantity  of 
long  prismatic  crystals  ;  coloring  was  removed  by  repeated  crystalli- 
zation from  boiling  alcohol ;  crystals  possess  neither  odor  nor  taste — 
they  are  organic. 
Cotyledons. — 1.  Reduced  to  a  fine  powder  and  exhausted  with  ben- 
zin, the  cotyledons  yielded  five  per  cent,  of  a  greenish  brown  fixed 
oil,  lighter  than  water,  little  odor,  taste  bland  and  rather  sweet,  non- 
drying  ;  at  50°  F.  it  separated  a  concrete  principle — more  at  a  lower 
temperature  (8° — 10°  F).    It  is  probably  palmitin  with  some  stearin. 
2.  The  residue  was  dried  and  exhausted  with  alcohol  *817.  The 
alcohol  distilled  off  left  as  residue  a  dark  green  mass  of  the  consist- 
ence of  honey,  possessing  a  heavy  unpleasant  odor,  and  the  peculiar 
taste  of  the  cotyledons  very  much  concentrated.  The  extract  was 
treated  with  ether  to  remove  an  oil  of  a  dark  green  color,  having  a 
