A\JayRi,i8H7A3P:M'}     Arctostapliylos  Glauca,  Lindley.  197 
From  the  foregoing  experiments,  the  organic  constituents  of  Qoptis 
trifolia  may  be  briefly  summed  up  as  follows  : 
Albumen,  resin  and  fixed  oil,  coloring  and  extractive  matter,  lig- 
neous matter,  sugar,  berberina,  coptina.  The  herb  yields  from  4  to 
5  per  cent,  of  ashes,  of  which  one-tenth  is  silica.  This  analysis, 
proving  absence  of  tannic  and  gallic  acids,  the  plant  cannot  have  as- 
tringent, but  simply  bitter  tonic  properties.  The  bitterness  of  Coptis 
is  mainly  due  to  berberina.  To  such  as  want  to  use  the  root  in  a 
concentrated  form,  I  would  recommend  the  alcoholic  extract  as  a 
neat  and  elegant  preparation,  containing  all  the  active  properties. 
ARC TOS TA PHYL OS  GLAUGA,  LINDLEY. — MANZ ANITA. 
By  John  Henry  Flint. 
From  an  Inaugural  Essay. 
Arctostapliylos  glauca,  one  of  the  many  manzanitas,  is  a  small  tree 
or  shrub,  indigenous  to  California,  growing  principally  upon  the  west- 
ern slope  of  the  Sierras,  and  preferring  dry  and  rocky  localities.  The 
wood  is  very  hard,  white,  with  a  dark-red  heart ;  the  bark  is  reddiish- 
brown,  thin,  smooth,  and  adheres  very  closely  to  the  wood  ;  the  leaves 
are  pale-green,  and  quite  numerous. 
A  decoction  of  the  leaves  is  held  in  high  esteem  by  the  natives  in 
the  localities  where  it  is  found,  as  a  specific  in  the  treatment  of  diar- 
rhoea and  gonorrhoea. 
The  following  description  is  translated  from  De  Candolle's  "  Pro- 
dromus :" 
"  Aretostaphylos  glauca,  Lindley.  Smooth  glaucous  ;  leaves  ovate- 
oblong,  acute,  coriaceous,  with  the  base  very  obtuse ;  racemes  short, 
compound;  bracts  inferior,  scale- like;  fruit  ovate."  (The  fruit  is 
usually  depressed  globose.) 
A  quantity  of  leaves  was  reduced  to  a  coarse  powder,  decocted  with 
water,  the  decoction  strained,  and  the  tannin  removed  by  a  solution 
of  gelatin ;  to  the  filtrate  neutral  acetate  of  lead  was  added,  the  pre- 
cipitate separated  and  washed. 
Through  the  filtrate  and  washings,  hydrosulphuric  acid  was  passed 
until  all  the  lead  was  precipitated  ;  the  sulphide  of  lead  was  removed 
by  a  filter,  and  the  liquid  evaporated  to  a  soft  extract,  treated  with 
alcohol,  filtered  and  set  aside. 
After  standing  twenty-four  hours  a  brownish-yellow  mass  was  de- 
