A"kJayt'i,  i873RM' S    Extractum  Ipecacuanlwe  Fluidurn. 
211 
The  results  obtained  seemed  of  sufficient  importance  to  bring  before 
the  annual  meeting  of  the  Alumni. 
The  Pharmacopoeia  of  1860  directs  that  powdered  ipecac  be 
exhausted  with  stronger  alcohol,  the  alcohol  partially  recovered  by 
distillation,  the  concentrated  extract  mixed  with  water  and  acetic 
acid,  the  filtrate  evaporated  to  a  definite  measure,  a  portion  of  alcohol 
added  to  preserve  the  preparation,  the  finished  fluid  extract  measur- 
ing 16  f.  oz.  for  every  16  Troy  oz.  powder  manipulated. 
The  details  of  this  process  will  be  considered  further  on. 
The  Pharmacopoeia  of  1870  directs  that  two  menstrua  be  used  to 
exhaust  the  powder,  the  first  a  mixture,  (24  f.  oz.  stronger  alcohol, 
12  f.  oz.  water),  followed  with  diluted  alcohol  until  the  resultant  per- 
colate measures  32  f.  oz. ;  one-half  pint  glycerin  is  added  to  this  32 
f.  oz.  of  percolate,  and  the  whole  evaporated  at  a  temperature  not 
exceeding  140°  F. 
The  first  menstruum  given  in  the  formula  was  used  to  exhaust  the 
ipecac.  Each  successive  pint  of  percolate  from  the  drug  was  accu- 
rately weighed  at  62°  F.,  the  several  differences  found,  and  the  pro- 
portional distribution  of  extract  through  the  percolate,  calculated  in 
the  manner  indicated  by  Dr.  Squibb  before  the  American  Pharma- 
ceutical Association  in  1870. 
One  pint  of  the  menstruum  weighed  6,590  grs.,  the  powder  required 
10  f.  oz.  to  moisten  it  thoroughly,  and  after  four  days  maceration,  26 
f.  oz.,  before  the  percolation  commenced. 
A  tabular  statement  of  the  rate  of  exhaustion  is  given  : 
1  Pint  weighed  7,108  grains.     Difference,  518  grains.     Extract,  1,299  grains. 
6,805 
6,670 
6,635 
6,630 
6,622 
(Quantity  powder  percolated 
Dried  residue,  after  exhaustion 
Loss  by  percolation,  solid  extract 
215 
80 
45 
40 
32 
930  grains. 
560 
200 
112 
100 
69  " 
2,340  grains. 
7,680  grains. 
5,327 
2,353  grains. 
The  Pharmacopoeia  percolates  2  pints.    Percentage  of  total  extract, 
80  per  cent.    Extract  in  pint  when  of  80  per  cent.,  1,859  grains. 
The  weight  of  8  f.  oz.  glycerin,  specific  gravity  1.25,  was  found 
