290  Carbolic  Acid  and  Creasote.  (A^"{0I?-S?** 
(     J  111 }  I,  187o. 
Mr.  Landschlitz's  formula  for  filling  14  of  the  ordinary  12  ounce 
citrate  bottles,  is  ay  follows  : 
Dissolve  9  oz.  erystalLzed  tartaric  acid,  and  17  oz.  crystallized  car- 
bonate of  sodium,  in  about  one  quart  of  cold  water. 
Provided  the  acid  is  not  moist  and  the  carbonate  not  effloresced,  the 
above  solution  will  be  nearly  neutral.  In  general,  it  is  best  to  test 
it,  and  to  neutralize  it,  if  necessary.  Then  dissolve  in  it  28  scruples 
bicarbonate  of  sodium.  Filter,  and  add  sufficient  water  to  make  the 
entire  quantity  measure  147  fiuidounces. 
Make  a  syrup  from 
21  oz.  best  crushed  sugar,  .  , 
14  drachms  crystallized  tartaric  acid, 
10  oz.  water.    After  cooling,  add 
1  drachm  spirits  of  lemon  and  mix  thoroughly. 
Measure  1-J  fiuidounces  of  this  syrup  into  each  of  the  14  bottles. 
Then  pour  in  slowly  the  first  solution,  carefully  avoiding  an  admix- 
ture with  the  syrup  ;  cork  and  tie  each  bottle  as  soon  as  filled.  When 
this  is  carefully  managed,   but  very  little  carbonic  acid  gas  will 
escape. 
Each  bottle  so  prepared  will  contain  about  seven  drachms  of  dry 
tartrate  of  sodium,  which  is  a  fair  adult  dose. 
At  present  market  rates  the  above  ingredients  will  cost  about  five 
cents  for  the  contents  of  each  bottle,  yielding  a  handsome  and  remu- 
nerative profit.  The  price  in  fact  is  so  low,  that  it  leaves  no  incen-' 
tive  towards  substitutions,  or  alteration  of  the  formula. 
CARBOLIC  ACID  AND  ITS  RELATION  TO  CREASOTE. 
By  A.  M.  Read. 
Thesis  read  before  the  National  College  of  Pharmacy,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
Carbolic  acid  was  discovered  in  the  year  1834,  by  Runge,  who 
found  it  to  be  a  constituent  of  coal-tar  oil.  Its  chemical  properties 
were  more  thoroughly  investigated  in  the  year  1841,  by  Laurent,  who 
made  it  from  the  lighter  oils  of  coal-tar,  and  who  considered  it  to  be 
an  hydrated  oxide  of  a  peculiar  compound  radical,  which  he  called 
Phenyl,  and  described  it  under  the  name  of  Hydrate  of  Phenyl.  It 
has  been  variously  named  by  different  writers,  phenic  acid,  phenyl 
alcohol,  hydrate  of  phenyl,  coal-tar  creasote,  carbolic  acid,  and  phenol, 
the  latter  of  which  is  the  name  under  which  it  is  generally  treated  of 
