312  Gleanings  from  the  European  Journals.  {^juf^.ilS* 
teen  hours,  the  mass  being  occasionally  stirred  in  the  beginning.  Af- 
ter the  time  indicated,  the  mass  is  triturated  in  a  mortar  until  it  ac- 
quires the  appearance  of  an  emulsion.  It  is  tnen  again  boiled  in  the 
Papin's  pot  for  fifteen  or  twenty  hours,  then  almost  neutralized  with 
pure  carbonate  of  sodium,  evaporated  to  th«*  consistence  of  mush,  and 
divided  into  four  parts. 
Dr.  R.  Mirus  has  modified  the  above  process  somewhat  (Pharm. 
Zeitung,  No.  37) ;  250  grams  beef  suitably  prepared  as  above,  are  in- 
troduced into  a  strong  bottle  and  agitated  with  water  until  all  lumps 
have  disappeared  ;  the  muriatic  acid  and  remainder  of  water  are  add- 
ed, the  bottle  corked  and  the  stopper  wired.  Five  or  six  of  such  bot- 
tles are  then  boiled  in  a  high  pot  for  fifteen  hours;  each  bottle  is 
then  well  agitated  and  the  boiling  continued  for  fifteen  hours  more. 
The  preparation  may  also  be  made  in  a  suitable  steam-boiler  by 
placing  the  meat  in  a  covered  porcelain  vessel  and  boiling  for  the 
length  of  time  indicated.  The  object  is  to  alter  the  muscular  fibres 
under  pressure  and  the  conditions  stated,  until  they  are  as  nearly  as 
mav  be  possible  disintegrated. 
In  the  liquid  state  the  preparation  soon  spoils  unless  preserved  by 
Appert's  method  ;  it  may,  however,  be  evaporated  in  a  steam-bath  to 
dryness,  when  it  will  keep  well  in  closed  bottles,  and  should,  when 
prescribed,  be  softened  by  the  addition  of  warm  water.  It  is  highly 
recommended  in  various  affections  of  the  stomach  when  the  mucous 
coating  requires  to  be  protected  from  irritation,  in  rec<  nvalescense 
from  typhus,  etc.,  and  may  be  combined  with  broth  or  Liebig's  ex- 
tract of  meat,  or  milk  and  cracker  may  be  used  alternati  iy. 
Preparation  of  chronic  alum.  Prof.  A.  Lielegg  dissolves  29-5 
parts  bichromate  of  potassium  in  a  warm  mixture  of  -89  sulphuric 
acid  and  the  requisite  quantity  of  water  ;  when  cold,  38  p.  oxalic  acid 
are  added  in  small  portions,  carbonic  acid  is  given  off,  and  the  chro- 
mic alum  obtained  on  spontaneous  evaporation. — Dingier  s  Polyt. 
Journ.,  1873,  Feb.,  321. 
Purification  of  tallow.  II.  Treudlen  states  that  tallow  purified  in 
the  manner  stated  below  is  almost  free  from  odor,  keeps  well  for  a 
long  time,  and  is  well  adapted  for  culinary  and  perfumery  purposes, 
for  ointments,  plasters,  etc.  Fresh  tallow  is  fused  in  boiling  water, 
while  hot  pressed  through  a  close  linen  strainer,  together  with  the 
water,  then  boiled  with  the  latter  and  carefully  skimmed.   After  cool- 
