514 
Minutes  of  the4College. 
f  Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
t     Nov.  1, 1873. 
drug  store  "  well  known  to  the  general  public,  and  gave  a  great  impetus  to  his 
prescription  business. 
Durand  took  pains  in  training  his  apprentices,  and  some  of  our  best  pharma- 
ceutists emanated  from  his  counter.  He  required  of  them  daily  study  of  articles 
in  the  Dispensatory,  and  it  was  his  custom  to  examine  the  packages  of  drugs 
for  stock  when  received,  making  it  the  occasion  to  point  out  to  his  boys  and 
assistants  the  faults  and  merits  of  the  articles.  Looking  at  Pharmacy  as  a 
profession,  requiring  education  and  training  for  its  success,  he  taught  them  to 
respect  their  business,  and  always  manifestedfa  warm  interest  in  their  progress. 
One  of  his  eleves  has  said  "  he  never  required  those  in  his  employ  to  do  that 
which  he  would  not  willingly  do  himself,  and^his  intercourse  with  them  was  not 
that  of  master,  but  of  a  genial  friend."  The  writer  remembers  gratefully  when, 
in  early  life,  he  was  engaged  in  ^investigations  under  {great  disadvantages  for 
want  of  accurate  instruments,  his  friend  Durand  imported  a  set  of  French 
metrical  weights,  and  presented  them  to  him  with  a  word  of  encouragement. 
In  1835  Durand  was  the  first  to  introduce  the  bottling  of  mineral  waters  in 
this  country,  and  ^opened  a  large  establishment  in  Sixth  street  above  Arch. 
The  apparatus  for  manufacturing  the  waters,  and  especially  that  part  of  it  for 
bottling  under  pressure,  was  of  his  own  invention  and  superior  to  any  then  in 
use  in  France.  He  afterwards  sent  the  latter  to  the  Societe  de  Pharmacie,  and 
it  was  adopted  into  use  in  Paris.  He  also  at  this  time  extensively  manufac- 
tured vinegar  from  cider  by  a  quick  process,  by  which  air  was  forced  through 
the  cider  and  rapidly  acetified  it.  This  business  was  in  full  and  successful 
operation  when  the  money  crisis  of  1837  prostrated  the  commercial  community, 
and  with  it  this  branch  of  his  business,  with  great  loss  to  the  manufacturer, 
who  afterwards  adhered  closely  to  his  legitimate  profession  until  his  retirement. 
About  this  period,  and  for  many  years  after,  various  valuable  contributions 
to  American  pharmacy  came  from  Durand's  store,  through  the  late  Augustine 
Duhamel,  who  was  a  protege  of  Durand  and  identified  with  his  store,  having 
been  for  many  years  his  chief  clerk.  The  process  of  displacement,  now  called 
percolation,  was  there  first  introduced  in  this  country  by  Duhamel,  and  his  active 
pen  placed  on  record,  in  the  American  Journal  of  Pharmacy,  from  vol.  vi  to 
vol.  xviii,  many  valuable  evidences  of  his  industry  and  research. 
A  peculiarity  of  Durand's  business  was  the  number  of  specialties  he  intro- 
duced, original  or  of  foreign  origin,  paitially  growing  out  of  the  patronage  of 
particular  physicians.  His  long  experience  had  given  him  considerable  know- 
ledge in  therapeutics,  and  his  medical  friends  willingly  availed  themselves  of 
his  hints,  in  his  efforts  to  render  their  prescriptions  elegant  and  acceptable,  as 
well  as  efficient  compounds. 
The  relations  of  Dr.  Samuel  Jackson  with  Durand  have  been  much  misun- 
derstood, and  the  cause  of  jealous  and  unkind  remarks,  and  at  one  time  even 
influenced  the  action  of  the  College  of  Pharmacy  in  reference  to  that  physi- 
cian. Dr.  Jackson  was  remarkable  for  his  mental  activity,  and  having  for  six 
years  been  professor  of  Materia  Medica  in  our  college,  and  one  of  its  earliest 
members,  had  a  penchant  for  new  remedies.  His  patronage  of  Durand  ap- 
pears to  have  been  entirely  influenced  by  his  respect  for  the  talents  of  the 
latter  as  a  pharmaceutist  and  chemist,  and  by  the  valuable  suggestive  aid 
received  from  him  when  called  upon  to  meet  emergencies  in  therapeutics.  Dr. 
J 
