I/O       Recent  Literature  Relating  to  Pharmacy.  {kxnil^Xm^' 
takes  time  for  new  cinchona  plantations  to  come  into  bearing,  and 
no  danger  could  threaten  from  South  America,  unless  the  price 
were  raised  exorbitantly. 
With  regard  to  the  quinine  factory  which  the  combined  German 
makers  are  said  to  contemplate  establishing  in  Java,  at  Pengalengan, 
the  promoters  of  the  undertaking  in  Java  have  published  a  state- 
ment to  the  effect  that  the  projected  factory  is  entirely  "  national " 
(i.  e.y  Dutch),  and  that  neither  German  nor  English  manufacturers 
are  concerned  in  it.  We  believe  that  this  is  only  technically  cor- 
rect, and  that,  in  fact,  the  promoters  of  the  Pengalengan  works  are 
connected  with  the  Amsterdam  quinine  works,  which,  in  turn,  are 
closely  allied  with  the  firm  of  Bbhringer  &  Sons,  of  Manheim. — 
The  Chemist  and  Druggist,  January  29,  1898. 
The  Philadelphia  Museums. — These  museums  had  their  origin  in  the  suc- 
cessful movement  to  secure  the  vast  exhibits  of  natural  products  from  the 
numerous  countries  represented  at  the  Chicago  exhibition  of  1893.  These 
exhibits  were  presented  to  the  municipality  of  Philadelphia,  who  have  de- 
voted a  large  sum  of  money  to  their  proper  installation.  In  addition  to  the 
exhibition  there  is  the  scientific  and  commercial  library,  with  its  free  reading- 
room,  where  may  be  found  a  large  number  of  statistical  and  scientific  works, 
valuable  to  both  producers  and  consumers.  A  laboratory  has  also  been  started 
as  an  adjunct  of  the  scientific  department  of  the  Philadelphia  Commercial 
Museum,  its  main  object  being  the  examination  and  analysis  of  raw  materials 
and  manufactured  products.  The  system  of  this  laboratory,  which  is  free  to 
all,  will  conform  closely  to  that  in  use  in  England  and  on  the  Continent,  and 
all  tests  will  be  made  independently  in  duplicate  by  two  observers,  thus  insur- 
ing a  high  standard  of  accuracy. 
Cinchona  in  India. — Mr.  J.  E-  O' Conor,  Director-General  of  Statistics  for 
India,  states  in  his  report  for  the  official  year  1896-97  that  there  were  5,916 
acres  of  land  under  cinchona  cultivation,  of  which  about  72  per  cent,  was  situ- 
ated in  Southern  India,  the  remainder  being  in  Bengal.  The  area  in  Bengal, 
comprising  1,636  acres,  lies  in  and  near  Dirjeeling.  In  Southern  India  there 
are  1,762  acres,  in  the  Nilgiris  ;  731  in  Malabar,  1,402  acres  in  Travancore 
335  acres  in  Mysore,  8  in  Coorg,  and  42  in  Madura.  In  Bengal  the  land  under 
cinchona  was,  in  the  main,  planted  and  is  maintained  by  Government,  the  plan- 
tations of  the  State  covering  1,556  acres,  but  in  the  Madras  Presidency  the 
industry  is  largely  in  private  hands,  the  State  plantations  covering  under  800 
acres.  During  the  twelve  years  ending  1896-97  the  area  under  cinchona  has 
fallen  from  10,418  acres  to  5,916  acres.  There  has  been  a  substantial  decline 
in  Bengal,  as  well  as  in  Madras,  and  in  Coorg  the  cultivation  has  been  almost 
entirely  abandoned.—  The  Chemist  and  Druggist,  January  29,  1898. 
