Am.  Jour.  Pharm. ") 
April,  1898.  j 
Examination  Questions. 
221 
minute  ;  how  do  they  correspond  with  the  pulse  ?  (14)  What  do  we  mean  by 
the  "tidal  volume"  of  air?  (15)  In  the  air  we  breathe,  what  per  cent,  of 
carbon  dioxide  (produced  by  respiration)  is  harmful  to  life,  and  how  is  it  best 
detected  ? 
BOTANY. 
F—{\)  What  is  the  color  of  herb  and  leaf  drugs  when  not  properly  dried? 
What  is  the  cause?  How  prevented?  (2)  To  what  is  the  green  color  of 
essence  of  peppermint  due?  (3)  What  are  galls?  How  are  they  produced  ? 
In  what  constituent  are  they  particularly  rich?  On  what  plant  are  the  official 
nutgalls  produced  ?  (4)  Explain  what  you  understand  by  the  stigma  and  pol- 
len grains  of  a  flower  ?  (5)  Mention  an  official  drug  which  consists  of  stigmas 
only.  (6)  Of  what  importance  are  pollen  grains  in  the  identification  of  drugs  ? 
(7)  State  briefly  the  characteristics  of  the  flowers  of  the  Composite.  Give  two 
drug  examples.    (8)  What  is  a  seed  ?    What  part  of  the  seed  is  mace  ? 
COMMITTEE. 
G — (1)  What  chemical  elements  are  present  in  Borax?  (2)  What  is  the 
official  name  of  Borax  ?  (3)  From  what  source  is  Borax  obtained,  and  in  what 
localities  is  it  found ?  (4)  What  acid  is  obtained  from  Borax?  (5)  Does  this 
acid  occur  free  in  nature  and  where  ?  (6)  What  is  the  best  solvent  for  this 
acid?  (7)  What  are  its  medical  properties  and  uses?  (8)  Name  an  official 
preparation  in  which  this  acid  and  solvent  are  used.  (9)  Is  this  preparation  a 
chemical  compound  or  a  solution  ?    (10)  What  is  Borax-glass? 
H — ( r )  What  is  the  effect  of  heat  upon  the  organic  principles  of  plant  drugs  ? 
(2)  Describe  a  method  of  extracting  the  soluble  principles  of  plant  drugs  with- 
out the  use  of  heat,  as  in  making  fluid-extracts.  (3)  In  the  official  process  for 
making  extracts,  how  is  the  end  of  the  process  indicated  ?  (4)  What  are  pow- 
dered extracts  ?    (5)  Describe  their  advantages  and  disadvantages. 
/ — A  customer  desiring  to  provide  himself  with  sufficient  of  the  following 
mixture  to  last  him  during  a  sixty  days'  trip  to  Florida,  requested  the  apothe- 
cary to  furnish  it: 
B    Hydrarg.  Chi  or.  Corros.  gr.  i 
Potass.  Iodid.  £)  v 
Tr.  Gentian.  Comp.  f  3  iv 
Syr.  Stillingia  Comp.  f  3  ii 
Aqua  Chloroformi,  to  make     f  5  iv 
M.  Sig. — A  teaspoonful  three  times  a  day. 
Write  out  in  full  a  formula  for  the  quantity  necessary  for  the  trip. 
K—  Briefly  describe  what  you  understand  by  the  following,  and  give  drug 
examples  of  each  :  {a)  Rhizome  ;  {b)  Simple  Leaf ;  (c)  Complete  Flower  ;  (d) 
Inferior  Ovary;  (e)  Superior  Ovary  ;  {/)  Follicle;  (g)  Capsule;  (h)  Inferior 
Drupe;  (i)  Cremocarp  ;  (J)  Albuminous  Seed. 
OPERATIVE  PHARMACY. 
Write  your  name  and  examination  number  on  each  label.  Restore  all  con- 
tainers to  their  proper  places  before  leaving.  Articles  marked  with  an  {*) 
are  weighed. 
