566 
Pozvdered  Vegetable  Drugs. 
J  Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
\  November,  1898. 
275.  Gelsemium. — Crystals  cubical  (15  x  15  //),  tetragonal  (15 
x  20  ft)  or  prismatic  (8  x  28  //) ;  starch  grains  8x8/^;  numerous 
sklerenchyma  fibres.  Stem  is  distinguished  from  the  root  by  the 
presence  of  groups  of  more  or  less  altered  sieve  (i.e.,  internal  phloem). 
Rhizome  is  distinguished  from  overground  stem  by  the  former  hav- 
ing a  stronger  cork  development  and  the  latter  chloroplastids. 
276.  Glycyrrhiza  (Spanish). — Crystals  of  varying  shapes,  about 
3  x  2  fit  occurring  in  crystal  fibres  in  fragments  of  about  117  //in 
length  ;  starch  grains  about  5  ju  in  diameter ;  ducts  and  numerous 
sklerenchyma  fibres.  Spanish  licorice  is  distinguished  from  the 
Russian  in  that  a  powder  of  the  former  is  darker,  due  to  the  fact 
that  the  cork  is  retained  and  hence  cork  cells  are  relatively  more  nu- 
merous. 
277.  Ginger,  Charcoal  and  Magnesia. — Few  starch  and  oil  secre- 
tion cells  of  ginger  (see  No.  212) ;  crystals  of  MgO  (see  No.  197), 
and  large  number  of  wine-colored  or  blackish  wood  fragments. 
278.  Hufland's  Baby  Powder. — Crystals  and  starch  of  rheum  (see 
No.  215),  crystals  of  MgO  (see  No.  197)  and  sugar  (see  No.  185). 
279.  Iris. — Crystals  of  shape  like  those  of  Quillaja;  they  arise  in 
the  intercellular  spaces,  and  in  powder  are  in  broken  pieces  about  20 
x  150  //in  size;  parenchyma  loose;  cells  contain  reddish  resin; 
ducts  numerous. 
280.  Krameria. — Large  crystals  in  shape  like  Quillaja,  ranging 
from  10  x  45  to  25  x  no  /z,  or  even  larger;  starch  20-30  /n ;  bast 
fibres  400  to  875  fx  long;  about  15  \x  wide  and  with  a  peculiar 
crook  or  bend;  parenchyma  containing  bright,  reddish-brown  col- 
oring substance.  Bast  in  Savanilla  rhatany  longer  and  broader  than 
Peruvian  (see  also  Vogl). 
281.  Myricd  cerifera. — See  No.  252. 
282.  Primus  Virginiana. — Crystals  rosette-shaped,  cubical  or 
hexagonal  (20-30  //);  starch  4  ju;  stone  cells;  bast  fibres;  taste 
and  odor. 
283.  Pulv.  Glycyrrhizce  Co. — Tissues  of  glycyrrhiza  (see  No.  275), 
and  senna  (see  No.  21).    Make  chrysophanic  acid  test. 
2S4.  Quillaja. — Crystals  prismatic  varying  from  15  x  60  to 
35  x  100  //,  or  even  larger;  starch  10  //;  sklerenchyma  fibres; 
parenchyma  with  yellowish  resin. 
285.  Syr.  White  Pine  Comp. — Crystals,  fibres  and  stone  cells  of 
wild  cherry  (see  No.  281);  characteristic  crystals,  etc.,  of  Aralia 
