Am.  Jour.  Pharni.  \ 
November,  1898.  j 
Powdered  Vegetable  Drugs. 
571 
336.  Bryonia. — Starch  in  single  (10-17)  or  two  or  more  compound 
grains;  sometimes  find  long  acicular  crystals  (200  fi) ;  ducts,  35-60 
fi  wide ;  cork  yellow  and  yellowish-colored  cells,  associated  with 
ducts  as  in  Colchici  cormis ;  with  H2S04  powder  colored  purplish 
and  reddish-brown. 
337.  Colchici  Corjnis. — Starch  in  single  (7-1 5  fx)  and  2  to  4  com- 
pound (35x35  jjl)  grains;  sometimes  find  needle-shaped  crystals 
(70-200  jjl  long) ;  few  spiral  ducts  (21  ^  wide);  with  H2S04  pow- 
der colored  reddish-brown  (port  wine  color). 
338.  Opium. — In  glycerin  mounts  consists  of  more  or  less  gray- 
ish-brown and  irregular  granular  masses  (35-50  jjl  in  diameter);  lit- 
tle or  no  starch  ;  epidermis  of  capsule  cells,  40  X40  ^  in  width,  hav- 
ing lumen  7  x  7  fx  ;  taste  bitter  and  sparingly  soluble  in  water  or 
KOH.  May  get  test  for  alkaloids  with  use  of  KOH.  The  Smyrna 
opium  has  most  epidermal  cells  of  capsule ;  the  India  few  or  none, 
and  the  Persian  very  little.  The  Persian  always  has  an  appreciable 
amount  of  starch.    (See  also  Tschirch.) 
339.  Tonka. — Numerous  starch  grains,  either  single  (5x7/4)  or 
aggregated ;  parenchyma  containing  brownish-red  coloring  sub- 
stance ;  much  oil. 
B.     WITH  LITTLE  OR  NO  STARCH. 
(a)  Containing  calcium  oxalate  crystals. 
a.    Crystals  rosette  or  star-shaped. 
340.  Anisum. — See  No.  8. 
341.  Carum. — Crystals  (1  jul)  in  aleuron  (3  /*) ;  characteristic 
brownish  oil  secretion  reservoirs  and  epidermis  of  seed  coat  and 
pericarp. 
342.  Chimaphila. — See  No.  12. 
343.  Conium. — See  No.  13. 
344.  Coriander. — Crystals  (3  //,)  in  aleuron  (10  /x) ;  light  yellowish 
oil  secretion  reservoirs,  with  epidermis  of  seed  coat  and  pericarp. 
345.  Cusso. — Crystals  (20  jjl)  ;  spherical  pollen  grains  (25  /x) ;  sin- 
gle celled,  non-secreting  hairs  (210  fx  long);  small  secretion  hairs 
with  a  stalk ;  stone  cells. 
346.  Cloves. — Crystals,  10-15/x;  numerous  secretion  reservoirs 
(125x125  p  to  120x210  \x  ;  pollen  grains  somewhat  triangular 
(15  ytt) ;  parenchyma  loose;  few  bast  fibres  with  the  bundle.  Heat 
powder  with  KOH  get  needle-shaped  crystals  possibly  due  to  eugenol* 
