ADecimber,hi898m-}         Powdered  Vegetable  Drugs.  607 
QUALITATIVE  EXAMINATION  OF  POWDERED  VEGE- 
TABLE DRUGS. 
By  Henry  Kraemer. 
( Concluded  from  No.  //,  p.  j/j.  ) 
C.     NO  STARCH  OR  CRYSTALS  OF  CALCIUM  OXALATE,  BUT  MASSES  OR 
CRYSTALS  OF  A  CARBOHYDRATE  (iNULIN). 
The  Inulin  occurs  in  numerous  irregular  nearly  transparent  or 
grayish  fragments,  sometimes  perfect  sphere-crystals.  These  masses 
or  crystals  are  soluble  in  hot  water;  insoluble  in  alcohol  and 
glycerin. 
368.  Inula. — Grayish-brown  masses  from  secretion  reservoirs;  few 
sklerenchyma  fibres  (15  a  wide);  reticulated  ducts  32  f±  wide;  odor 
and  taste. 
369.  Lappa. — Apparent  absence  of  secretion  reservoirs;  more 
'  wood  fibres  and  possibly  larger  reticulated  ducts  (as  much  as  70  ju 
wide)  than  Inula ;  cells  of  periderm  brownish,  becoming  yellow 
with  age;  parenchyma  very  light  colored;  no  odor. 
370.  Pyrethrum  — Characterized  by  a  stone  cork  (30  x  45  p)  with 
yellowish-brown  contents;  few  sklerenchyma  fibres;  narrow  reticu- 
lated ducts  about  15  /./wide;  characteristic  parenchyma;  oil  secre- 
tion reservoirs ;  taste. 
371.  Taraxacum. — Characteristic  milk  vessels  in  chloral-iodine 
mount.    See  No.  165. 
IV-   POSSESSING  SECRETION  HAIRS,  CELLS  OR  RESERVOIRS 
AND  OF  SOMEWHAT  CHARACTERISTIC  ODOR- 
A.     SECRETION  HAIRS. 
372.  Anthemis. — Non-secreting  and  secreting  hairs  ;  spherical 
prickly  pollen  grains  (32  fi)  which  may  not  be  numerous;  papillae 
of  corolla  and  stigma;  sklerenchyma  fibres  (10  wide)  the  walls  of 
which  are  very  much  thickened';  small  rosette-shaped  calcium  ox- 
alate crystals  sometimes  found  ;  characteristic  cells  of  anther. 
373.  Arnica  Flores. — Numerous  spherical  prickly  pollen  grains 
(30  fi) ;  secretion  hairs ;  sklerenchyma  fibres ;  characteristic  non- 
secreting  hairs  of  pappus  (like  top  of  pineapple  fruit) ;  outer  por- 
tion of  corolla  and  ovary. 
374.  Belladonna?  Folia. — See  No.  46. 
375.  Cusso. — See  No.  345. 
