620 
Powdered  Vegetable  Drugs. 
(  Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
I  December,  1898. 
in  glycerin  or  glycerin  -j-  chloral.  Nothing  behaves  like  this. 
Characteristic  seed  coat,  with  yellowish  and  brownish  thick-walled 
stone  cells  ;  most  characteristic  are  the  groups  (of  train-like)  brownish 
stone  cells,  whose  walls  are  very  thick,  with  scarcely  any  lumen 
sometimes ;  parenchyma  contains  oil  and  aleuron,  but  no  starch. 
y.    sklerencltyma  fibres. 
557-  Berberis  aquifolium. — Ducts  (50  jx  wide),  with  bordered 
pores,  wood  fibres  (20  /x  wide,  walls  8  /x  thick)  and  medullary  rays 
(9  rows  wide,  containing  starch  grains  10  fx)  are  yellow;  bast  fibres 
15  fi  wide  and  walls  4  fx  thick;  cork  prominent;  parenchyma  of 
cortex  contains  brownish-colored  substance. 
558.  Chicory. — Inulin  masses;  characteristic  cork;  numerous 
fragments  of  ducts  of  varying  size;  parenchyma  (25  x  140  /x) ; 
laticiferous  vessels  7-20  /x  wide. 
559-  Chirata. — No  starch;  pollen  grains  (4  x  10  to  7  x  10  /x); 
parenchyma  large,  with  simple  pores;  spiral  and  scalariform  ducts 
(30  /jl  wide);  numerous  sklerenchyma  fibres  (20  jx  wide  and  walls 
4  /x  thick);  yellowish  epidermis  with  brownish-colored  collenchyma 
beneath;  seeds  reticulate  and  in  shape  like  hyoscyamus;  mycelial- 
like  development  containing  dark-brown-colored  substance. 
560.  Hcematoxylon. — Cubical  crystals  (20  \x)  in  crystal  fibres  associ- 
ated with  yellowish  libriform  fibres  (15  fx  wide  and  walls  4  jx  thick); 
large  ducts  (140  /x  wide)  containing  brownish  masses;  medullary 
rays  are  4-5  cells  wide;  characteristic  violet  or  purple  coloration 
with  alkalies;  oil  globules,  resin  and  tannin  masses. 
561 .  Matricaria. — Numerous  nearly  spherical  pollen  grains  (1 8-25 
fx);  fragments  of  corolla  with  secretion  hairs;  cells  of  anther;  stigma 
with  papillae ;  peculiar  ladder-like  cells  of  wall  of  akene;  skleren- 
chyma fibres  of  involucral  scales. 
562.  Pine  Shavings. — Characteristic  tracheids  with  bordered  pores. 
363.  Taraxacum. — Characteristic  laticiferous  vessels  and  inulin. 
See  No.  165. 
564.  Triticum. — Without  starch  or  calcium  oxalate  crystals;  par- 
enchyma containing  irregular  masses,  soluble  in  water  (sugar);  yel- 
low hypodermal  cells  with  lignified  thickening  (walls  10  /x  or  more 
thick)  and  simple  pores;  three  kinds  of  characteristic  sklerenchyma 
of  varying  length  and  width ;  some  of  the  fibres  are  marked  here 
and  there,  apparently  at  regular  intervals,  with  a  tabular  cell  (duct)  of 
same  composition  as  fibre;  ducts  spiral  and  annular  (30-50  fx  in 
diameter). 
