470 
Leaves  bj  Juglans  Nigra. 
Am.  Jour.  Pharm. 
Oct.,  1886. 
Extract  was  slightly  acid  in  reaction.  The  residue  was  a  greenish 
yellow,  black  colored,  soft  solid  and  had  a  melting  point  of  55°  C. 
It  had  a  peculiar  odor.  It  was  entirely  soluble  in  absolute  alcohol, 
being  reprecipitated  by  water,  the  precipitate  was  disseminated  through 
the  liquid.  9  5  per  cent,  alcohol  separated  the  substance  into  green  and  yel- 
low material  and  then  nearly  dissolved  it.  Chloroform,  benzol  and  car- 
bon bisulphide  dissolved  the  residue,  the  last  solution  giving  a  char- 
acteristic reaction  by  reason  of  its  becoming  red  in  color.  Dilute 
sulphuric  acid  did  not  affect  the  residue.  Concentrated  sulphuric  acid 
turned  one  part  of  residue  brown  and  the  other  green ;  when  water 
was  added  to  this  the  whole  dissolved.  Dilute  nitric  acid  separated 
a  green  substance  from  petroleum  residue.  Boiling  concentrated  nitric 
acid  gave  a  floating  oily  substance.  This  was  filtered  and  water  and 
strong  ammonia  added  to  the  filtrate — a  precipitate  of  floating  red 
particles  was  obtained,  showing  the  presence  of  resinous  matter. 
Neither  ammonia,  solutions  of  borax,  chloride  of  lime,  nor  chloride  ot 
antimony  affected  the  petroleum  spirit  extract.  The  same  may  be  said 
of  hot  and  cold  aqueous  solutions  of  sodium  hydrate.  Hot  alcoholic 
solution  of  caustic  soda  dissolved  most  of  residue,  and  after  long  boiling 
produced  something  resembling  saponification. 
No  results  were  obtained  on  testing  for  alkaloids. 
So  far  as  studied  the  petroleum  spirit  extract  seems  to  be  made  up 
of  chlorophyll,  perhaps  a  free  fatty  acid,  volatile  oil,  resin  and  a  fat  of 
the  higher  acid  series,  or  a  wax. 
The  residual  powder  was  dried  at  the  ordinary  temperature  until 
the  odor  of  petroleum  spirit  disappeared,  and  then  Squibb's  ether  was 
added.  Hot  maceration  gave  8*90  per  cent.  Cold  maceration  3' 6  6 
per  cent,  extract.  A  loss  of  *08  per  cent,  was  observed  on  raising  the 
temperature  to  120°  C.  The  ether  extract  was  fluorescent  and  gave  a 
neutral  reaction.  The  residue  was  a  glossy  black  amorphous  solid  and 
had  the  odor  of  fresh  leather.  The  residue  was  entirely  soluble  in 
carbon  bisulphide  and  chloroform,  but  was  not  crystallized  out  of  these 
solvents.  Benzol  and  acetic  ether  dissolved  but  a  part  of  residue* 
Sulphuric  acid  turned  it  green,  when  sugar  was  added  no  change  was 
observed.  Part  of  ether  residue  was  soluble  in  water.  Gelatin 
showed  tannin  to  be  present  in  the  aqueous  solution.  It  is  to  be 
regretted  that  Squibb' s  ether  has  sufficient  alcohol  left  in  it  to  remove 
tannin.  The  tannin  was  removed  from  the  water  solution  of  the  ether 
extract  by  lead  acetate,  the  lead  by  hydrogen  sulphide,  and  the  hydro- 
